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Respiratory
My chicken scratch notes turned to cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nasogastric tube | feeding tube into the stomach |
| Nasendoscope | tube through nose to look into nose |
| Rhinorrhea | excessive discharge from nose |
| Laryngospasm | involuntary spasm of larynx |
| Pharyngostenosis | narrowing of throat (pharynx) |
| Upper resp tract is made up of | nose, pharynx and larynx |
| Nares | nostrils |
| Turbinates | cartilage that bounces air around (turbulence) |
| Vascular | lots of blood vessels |
| Upper resp Function | heat, humidify and filter incoming air |
| Nasopharynx | the upper part of the pharynx, connecting with the nasal cavity above the soft palate. |
| Oropharynx | the part of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the hyoid bone. |
| Larygngopharynx | where both food and air pass. It can be found between the hyoid bone and the larynx and esophagus, which helps guide food and air where to go. It is a part of the pharynx. |
| Trachea | windpipe |
| Bronchi | two main branches |
| Lobar bronchi | five of them; 3 lobes in right lung, 2 in left |
| Segmental bronchi | many, many branching off small ones |
| Bronchioles | minute branches into which a bronchus divides. |
| Alveoli | tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange. |
| Pneumomelanosis | condition of blackening of lungs |
| Pneumatology | The...study of breath? Christian theology of holy spirit. (Why is this in my notes) |
| Pneumonia | lung infection |
| Pulmonologist | specialist in the study of lungs |
| Pulmonary | relating to the lungs |
| Bronchoscope | device to look into bronchi |
| Bronchostenosis | narrowing of bronchus |
| Alveolitis | inflammation of aveolus |
| Alveolar | pertaining to aveolus |
| Sternocostal | pertaining to rib and sternum |
| Costectomy | removal of rib |
| Costophrenic | potential space in the pleural cavity |
| Thoracic | pertaining to chest |
| Pectoralgia | chest pain |
| Phrenospasm | involuntary contractions of diaphragm |
| Phrenoplegia | pain in diaphragm |
| Inspiration of air | Diaphram and intercostal muscles contract; Pressure in the chest decreases; Air is sucked into the lungs |
| Expiration of air | Passive; Doesn’t require muscle contraction |
| Hypoxia | Not enough oxygen in body |
| Hypoxemia | Not enough oxygen in blood |
| Spirometry | test used to test volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs; procedure used to measure breathing |
| Hypercapnia | High level of carbon dioxide in blood |
| Hypocarbia | Reduced carbon dioxide in blood |
| Productive cough | bring up mucus |
| Nonproductive cough | dry hack |
| Respiratory rate | how often you breathe in and out |
| Respiratory depth | how deep you breath |
| Apnea | cessation of breathing |
| Eupnea | good breathing |
| Tachypnea | fast breathing |
| Bradypnea | slow breathing |
| Hypopnea | shallow breathing |
| Hyperpnea | heavy breathing |
| Dyspnea | difficulty breathing |
| Orthopnea | only able to breathe when upright |
| Hyperventilation | breathing deep and fast; leads to low level of carbon dioxide |
| Hypoventilation | breathing shallow and slow; leads to high level of carbon dioxide |
| Dysphonia | bad/hoarse voice |
| Epistaxis | nose bleed |
| Rhinorrhagia | excessive nose bleed |
| Rhinorrhea | runny nose |
| Bronchospasm | involuntary contraction of bronchus |
| Pleuralgia,pleurodynia | pain in pleura |
| Thoracalgia | chest pain |
| Bronchorrhea | discharge from bronchi |
| Expectoration | coughing/spiting up fluid from lung |
| Hemoptysis | coughing up blood |
| Sputum | mucus discharge from lungs by coughing |
| Pectrolioquy | listening to lungs while patient speaks |
| Cyanosis | blue tint in skin; fingers and toes noticeable first |
| Pectus carinatum | chest cavity expands out (sticks out) |
| Pectus excavatum | chest cavity indents |
| Percussion | strike and listen |
| Atelectasis | incomplete expansion |
| Bronchiectasis | expansion of bronchi |
| Caseous necrosis | death of tissue with cheeselike appearance |
| Pulmonary edema | condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs |
| Tracheostenosis | narrowing of trachea |
| Phrenoplegia | paralysis of diaphragm |
| Phrenoptosis | drooping of diaphragm |
| Chylothorax | instead of normal pleural fluid, it's a collection of chyle (lymph fluid). It is caused by a blockage or disruption of the thoracic duct in the chest. |
| Emphyma,pyothorax | pus in chest |
| Capnography | procedure to measure carbon dioxide level |
| Capnometer | device used to measure carbon dioxide |
| Oximetry | procedure used to measure oxygen level |
| Computed tomography | imaging procedure using a computer to cut |
| Pulmonary angiography | record of vessels pertaining to lungs |
| Ventilation-perfusion scan (VQ scan) | nuclear medicine scan that uses radioactive material to examine airflow and blood flow in the lungs. |
| Polysomnography | record of many aspects of sleep |
| Pulmonary function testing (PFT) | group of tests used to evaluate the condition and operation of the lungs |
| Endoscope | instrument used to look deep into body |
| Nasopharyngoscope | flexible scope tube that goes through your nose and advances it into the back of your throat. |
| Thoracoscopy | procedure involving internal examination, biopsy, and/or resection of disease or masses within the pleural cavity and thoracic cavity |
| Acute Infection | get it once and don’t get again |
| Chronic infection | Infection persisting for a long time Examples: asthma, copd |
| Laryngotracheobronchitis | inflammation of the larynx, trachea and bronchi |
| Tracheomalacia | softening of trachea |
| Bronchiolitis | inflame of bronchioles |
| Pleuritis,pleurisy | inflame of pleura |
| Pneumonitis | inflame of lungs |
| Asthma | disease causing episodic narrowing and inflame of airway |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) | group of lung diseases characterized by the continual blockage of lung passages |
| Cystic fibrosis | thick causing thick mucus buildup in lungs and pancreas |
| Emphysema | involves gradual damage of lung tissue, specifically thinning and destruction of the alveoli or air sacs; One of the diseases that compromises COPD |
| Obstructive lung disorder | disease is a type of lung disease that occurs due to blockages or obstructions in the airways |
| Pneumoconiosis | occupational lung disease and a restrictive lung disease caused by the inhalation of dust |
| Pulmonary neoplasm | tumor, an abnormal growth in the lung |
| Restrictive lung disorder | restrict lung expansion, resulting in a decreased lung volume |
| Bronchogenic carcinoma | cancerous tumor of bronchus |
| Mesothelioma | cancerous tumor of the mesothelia cells lining lungs |
| Diaphragmatocele | hernia of diaphragm |
| Pneumatocele | hernia of lung |
| Bronchospasm | bronchi contracting/spams/narrowing |
| Nebulizer | machine that administers respiratory medication by creating a cloud or mist that is inhaled by patient |
| Expectorant – | coughing medicine that encourages coughing |
| Mucolytic | breaks down mucus |
| Anitussive | medication to prevent cough |
| Bronchodilator | drug that causes widening of the bronchi |
| Palatoplasty | reconstruction of palate |
| Intubate | breathing tube |
| Tracheostomy | creation of opening in trachea |
| Endotracheal intubation | insertion of a tube inside the trachea |
| Bronchoplasty | reconstruction of a bronchus |
| Pneumonectomy | removal of a lung |
| Pleuropexy | reattachment of the pleura |
| Thoracocentesis, thoracentesis | puncture in chest |
| Thoracostomy | creating hole in thorax |
| Thoracotomy | incision into the chest |
| Thoracoplasty | reconstruction of chest |
| CPR | Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation |
| ABG | arterial blood gas |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure |
| ARDS | Acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| LTB | laryngotracheobronchitis |
| LRTI | Lower respiratory tract infection |
| OSA | Obstructive sleep apnoea |
| PE | Pulmonary embolism |
| TB | Tuberculosis |
| URI/URTI | Upper respiratory infection Upper respiratory tract infection |
| CTA | Clear to auscultation |
| DOE | dyspnea on exertion |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| V/Q | positron emission tomography |
| ETT | endotracheal tube |
| PFT | Pulmonary function test |
| PSG | Polysomnography |
| T&A- | tonsilectmy adnoidectemy |
Created by:
Devtemrys
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