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BSC 105 Muscles
Question | Answer |
---|---|
what are the 4 characteristics of muscle contraction? | Contractility,excitability,extensibility, elasticty |
What is the most superficial layer of tissue? | Fascia |
What do muscles produce? | Heat |
What is loose connective tissue surrounded by? | Perimysium |
What is fiber surrounded? | A connective tissue sheath called Endomysium |
What is skeletal muscle surrounded by? | Epimysium |
What are the two major kinds of protein fibers? | Actin Myofilaments and Myosin myofilaments |
What are muscle cells? | Muscle fibers |
What is the charge difference across the membrane called? | resting membrane potential |
What is the brief reversal back of the charge called? | Action Potential |
Define Motor neurons | they are nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
What is a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates? | Motor Unit |
What is anterior thigh muscle? | Quadriceps femoris |
What is posterior thigh muscle? | Hamstrings |
What is a tetany? | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
Buttocks | Gluteus Maximus |
Chest Muscle | Pectoral Muscle |
Back Muscle | Latissimus dorsl |
Closes the eyelid | orbicular ocull |
Puckers the mouth | orbicular Oris |
Flattens the cheek | Buccinator |
Adenosine triphosohate | ATP |
What are the 4 pairs of mastication muscles? | 2 pair of pterygoids, temporalis,masseter |
Occipitofrontalis | Raise of the eyebrows |
Orbicularis oculi | Closes the eyelids and causes “crows feet” |
Orbicularis Oris | Puckers the lips |
Zygomaticus | Smiling muscle |
Levator labii superioris | Sneering |
Depressor Angelo oris | Frowning |
Intrinsic tongue muscles | Change the shape of the tongue |
Extrinsic tongue muscles | Move the tongue |
Trapezius | Rotates scapula |
Serrated Anterior | Pulls Scapula anteriorly |
Pectoralis major | Addicted and flexes the arm |
Latissmus dorsi | Medially rotates, adduced, and powerfully extends the arm |
Deltoid | Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle and is the major abductor of the upper limb |
Triceps brachii | Extends the forearm |
Biceps brachii | Flexes the forearm. occupies the anterior compartment of the arm |
Brachialis | Flexes forearm |
Brachioradialis | Flexes and supinates forearm |
Retinaculum | Strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons and holds them in place |
Flexor carpi | Flexes the wrist |
Extensor carpi | Extends the wrist |
Flexor digitorum | Flexes the fingers |
Extensor digitorum | Extends the finger |
19 hand muscles | Intrinsic hand muscles |
Quadriceps femoris | Extends the leg |
Gastrocnemius and Soleus | Form the calf muscle |
The lateral muscle of the leg | Peroneus |
20 muscles in the foot | Intrinsic foot muscles |
The tendinous area of the abdominal wall | Linea alba |
On each side of the linea alba | Rectus abdominis |
Cross the rectus abdominus at three mor locations | Tendinous inscriptions |
The muscles of the anterior abdominal wall flex and rotate the vertebral column | Abdominal wall muscles |
Muscles located between the metacarpals | interossi mucsles |
Hip muscles and common injection site | Gluteus medius |
Sartorius | Tailors the muscle and flexes the thigh |
The lateral muscles of the leg | Peroneus |
The charge difference across the membrane | Testing membrane potential |
Each presynaptic terminal contains | Synaptic vesicles |
Synaptic vessels secrete a nuerotransmitter called | Acetylcholine |
Muscle twitch | A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus |
The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is called | The lag phase |
The increase in number of motor units being activated is called | Recruitment |
The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility |
The ability to be stretched | Extensibilty |
The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability |
Ability to recoil their original resting length after they have been stretched | Elasticity |
The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with | Myofibrils |
The brief reversal back of the charge is called | Action potential |
The charge difference across the membrane is called | Resting membrane potential |
What extends the length of the myosin | The A band |
What line is an attachment site for actin | Z line |
What’s the all or none response | A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches threshold |
The time of contraction is the | Contracting phase |
The time during which the muscle relaxes | The relaxation phase |