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Chap 13 MedTerm

The Blood System

QuestionAnswer
Hematopoietic Stem Cell cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells
Reticulocyte an immature red blood cell
Erythrocytes red blood cell
Characteristics of RBC's- Erythrocytes Anuclear, Biconave, Red pigment heme, carry oxgyen, filled with hemoglobin, flexible, travel sing file through the capillaries
erythropoietin mechanism
How many RBC's in a cubic millimeter of blood? 5 million
How long does a RBC live? 120 days
How many hemoglobin molecules are in a single RBC? 250,000,000
Sider/o? iron
How many RBC destroyed per second? 2.4X10^6
Bilirubin Orange yellow pigment formed from destruction of hemoglobin
What happens to all that hemoglobin? Excreted by liver in bile, reused or stored in live spleen, or bone marrow
Neutrophil leukocyte formed in bone marrow and having neutral staining granules
eosinophil leukocyte with dense, reddish granules; associated with allergic reactions
neutrophil white blood cell that destroys foreign material by phagocytosis, fighting bacterial infection
lymphocyte leukocyte formed in lymph tissue; produces antibodies
leukocytes neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, large lymphocyte
phagocyte eats bacteria
eosinophil fights against allergies and patastic infections, phagocyte
monocyte become marcophages, large phagocytes, eats tissue debris
platelets clotting mechanism
plasma liquid portion of blood
lymphocyte controls the immune response; makes antibodies to antigens (immunoglobulins)
four major proteins albumin, globulins, fibrinogen and prothrombin (the last two are clotting proteins)
albumin plasma protein that maintains the proper amount of water in blood (blood protein)
globulins protein in plasma; can be separated into alpha, beta, and gamma types
fibrinogen & prothrombin clotting process
Blood types: TYPE A, TYPE B, TYPE AB, and TYPE O
which type is the universal donor? Blood type O, important of maintaining the blood, most common blood type ANTI A and ANTI B
hemolytic disease of the newborn? 1. mother and baby's blood mixes during birth, 2. antibodies against Rh+ blood are formed by the mother, 3. mother's antibodies destroys (lyse) the second baby's blood
fibrin clot
Abnormalities of RBC: anisocytosis cells are unequal in size
Abnormalities of RBC: hypochromia cells have reduced color (less hemoglobulin)
Abnormalities of RBC: macrocytosis cells are large
Abnormalities of RBC: microcytosis cells are small
Abnormalities of RBC: poikilocytosis cells are irregularly shaped
Abnormalities of RBC: spherocytosis cells are spherical (loss of normal concave shape)
anemia deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin
aplastic anemia failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow
sickle cell hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle shaped erythrocytes and hemolysis
thalassemia inherited disorder of abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia
pernicious anemia lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the bloodstream
hemolytic anemia reduction of red cells
siderpenia anemia
polycythemia VERA PV increased red blood cells
Cause of sickling low O2
Hemophilia excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of VIII and IX necessary for blood clotting
purpura multiple pinpoint hemorrhages; blood accumulates under the skin
thrombocytopenia deficiency of clotting cells
acute leukemia
leukemia ACUTE: Sudden onset of immature leukocytes - most often seen in children CHRONIC: Progresses slowly over time - mature lymphocytes most often seen in adults
mononucleosis caused by EBV Epstein Barr virus - carried and transmitted by saliva, infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes
Created by: naldin1
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