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Hormones
A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the abbreviation ADH? | Antidiuretic Hormone |
| What is the source gland for ADH? | Hypothalamus / Posterior pituitary |
| What is the target for ADH? | Distal Tubules and collecting ducts of kidneys. |
| What is the effect ADH has on the target? | Water reabsorption. |
| Name the source gland for Oxytocin. | Hypothalamus / Posterior pituitary. |
| What effects does Oxytocin have on its target? | Uterine Contraction during labor and coitus; milk ejection. |
| What are the hormones that act in pairs? | Insulin, Glucagon, Calcitonin, Parathyroid Hormone. |
| What is the source gland for Insulin? | Pancreas |
| What is the target for insulin? | Body cells |
| What effects does insulin have on body cells? | Decrease blood glucose; Converts glucose to glycogen or fat for storage, |
| What is the source gland for Glucagon? | Pancreas |
| What is the target for Glucagon? | Liver |
| What effects does Glucagon have on the Liver? | Breaks down glycogen to glucose to increase blood glucose. |
| What is the source gland for Calcitonin? | Thyroid gland |
| What is the target for Calcitonin? | Bones |
| What effects does Calcitonin have on bones? | Decrease blood calcium; Mineral deposition |
| What is the abbreviation for Parathyroid Hormone? | PTH |
| What is the source gland for PTH? | Parathyroid glands |
| What is the target for PTH? | Bones / Kidneys |
| What effects does PTH have on bones and kidneys? | Increases blood calcium; mineral reabsorption; stimulates kidneys to convert vitamin D to the active form, calcitriol. |
| What is the Axis for Growth Hormone? | Growth Hormone releasing hormone, Growth hormone |
| What is the abbreviation for Growth hormone releasing hormone? | GHRH |
| What is the source gland for GHRH? | Hypothalamus |
| What is the target for GHRH? | Anterior pituitary |
| What is the abbreviation for growth hormone? | GH |
| What is the source gland for GH? | Anterior pituitary |
| What is the target for GH? | skeletal muscles and long bones. |
| What effects does GH have on muscles and bones? | Growth of skeletal muscles and long bones. |
| What effects does GHRH have on the anterior pituitary? | Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete GH. |
| What is the axis for prolactin? | TRH, PRH, PRL |
| What does TRH stand for? | Thyrotropin releasing hormone |
| What is the source gland for TRH? | Hypothalamus |
| What is the target for TRH? | Anterior pituitary |
| What effects does TRH have on the anterior pituitary? | Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete PRL. |
| What does PRH stand for? | Prolactin releasing hormone |
| What is the source gland for PRH? | Hypothalamus |
| What is the target for PRH? | Anterior pituitary |
| What effects does PRH have on the anterior pituitary? | Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete PRL. |
| What is the abbreviation for Prolactin? | PRL |
| What is the source gland for PRL? | Anterior pituitary |
| What is the target for PRL? | Secretory cells of mammary glands |
| What effects does PRL have on the mammary glands? | Milk synthesis |
| What is the axis for Thyroid hormones? | TRH, TSH , TH (T3 T4) |
| What does TRH stand for? | Thyrotropin releasing hormone |
| What is the source gland for TRH? | hypothalamus |
| What is the target for TRH? | Anterior pituitary |
| What effects does TRH have on the anterior pituitary? | Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete TSH. |
| What is the abbreviation TSH? | Thyroid stimulating hormone |
| What is the source gland for TSH? | anterior pituitary |
| what is the target for TSH? | thyroid gland |
| What effects does TSH have on the thyroid gland? | stimulates thyroid to secrete TH |
| What is the abbreviation for thyroid hormone? | TH (T3,T4) |
| What is the source gland for TH? | thyroid gland |
| what is the target for TH? | body cells |
| What effects does TH have on body cells? | increases basal metabolic rate. |
| What is the axis for Mineralocorticoids? | CRH, ACTH, Mineralocorticoids |
| What does the abbreviation for CRH stand for? | Corticotropin releasing hormone. |
| What is the source gland for CRH? | hypothalamus |
| what is the target for CRH? | anterior pituitary |
| What effects does CRH have on the anterior pituitary? | Stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH. |
| What is the abbreviation for Adenocorticotropic hormone ? | ACTH |
| What is the source gland for ACTH? | Anterior pituitary |
| What is the target for ACTH? | adrenal cortex |
| What effects does ACTH have on the adrenal cortex? | Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete mineralocorticoids |
| What is the source gland for mineralocorticoids? | adrenal cortex |
| What is the target for mineralocorticoids? | distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidneys |
| What effects does mineralocorticoids have on its target? | Sodium and water reabsorption; potassium secretion |
| Axis for Glucocorticoids | CRH, ACTH, Glucocorticoids |
| What does CRH stand for? | Corticotropin releasing hormone |
| What is the source gland for CRH? | hypothalamus |
| What is the target for CRH? | anterior pituitary |
| What effects does CRH have on the anterior pituitary? | Stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH. |
| What does ACTH stand for? | Adenocorticotropic hormone |
| What is the source gland for ACTH? | anterior pituitary |
| What is the target for ACTH? | adrenal cortex |
| What effect does ACTH have on body cells? | Anti-inflammatory, increase blood glucose |
| What is the target for ACTH? | body cells |
| Axis for Gonadocorticoids | CRH,ACTH, Gonadocorticoids |
| What effect does ACTH have on the adrenal cortex in the Gonadocorticoids axis? | Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete gonadocorticoids. |
| What is the source gland for Gonadocorticoids? | adrenal cortex |
| What is the target of Gonadocorticoids? | body cells |
| What effect does Gonadocorticoids have on body cells? | Similar to estrogens and testosterone; insignificant amounts produced with minimal effects. |
| Axis for Estrogen | GnRH, FSH LH, Estrogens |
| What effects does FSH LH have on the ovaries ? | Stimulate follicles in ovaries to cause oogenesis, ovulation, and secretion of estrogens. |
| What is the target of FSH LH in the estrogen axis? | Ovaries |
| What is the source of estrogen? | Ovaries |
| What is the target for estrogen? | Body cells |
| What effect does estrogen have on body cells? | Regrowth of functional layer in endometrium of uterus after menstruation; Growth of lactiferous ducts/ sinuses in mammary glands; development of secondary sex characteristics; maintains pregnancy |
| What is the axis for testosterone? | GnRH, FSHLH, Testosterone |
| What is the target for FSH LH in testosterone? | Testes |
| What effects does FSH LH have on testes? | FSH: stimulates nurse cells in testes to secrete androgen-binding protein (ABP and inhibin. LH: stimulates interstitial endocrine cells in testes to secrete testosterone. |
| What is the source gland for testosterone? | testes |
| What is the target for Testosterone? | body cells |
| What effects does testosterone have on the body cells? | sexual maturation; spermatogenesis; development of secondary sex characteristics. |
| Name the target for Oxytocin. | Uterus, Myoepithelial cells of mammary glands. |
Created by:
coxem01
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