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Digestive System

Vocab

TermDefinition
Monogastric An organism that has a simple single-chambered stomach, compared with a ruminant organism, like a cow, goat, or sheep, which has a four-chambered complex stomach.
Mouth The opening in the lower part of the human face, surrounded by the lips, through which food is taken in and from which speech and other sounds are emitted.
Esophagus The esophagus runs behind the windpipe (trachea) and heart, and in front of the spine.
Stomach The internal organ in which the major part of the digestion of food occurs, being (in humans and many mammals) a pear-shaped enlargement of the alimentary canal linking the esophagus to the small intestine.
Small Intestine The part of the intestine that runs between the stomach and the large intestine.
Cecum A pouch connected to the junction of the small and large intestines.
Large Intestine Is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract and of the digestive system in vertebrates.
Rectum The final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus.
Ruminant An even-toed ungulate mammal that chews the cud regurgitated from its rumen.
Rumen The first stomach of a ruminant, which receives food or cud from the esophagus, partly digests it with the aid of bacteria, and passes it to the reticulum.
Reticulum The second stomach of a ruminant, having a honeycomb-like structure, receiving food from the rumen and passing it to the omasum.
Omasum The muscular third stomach of a ruminant animal, between the reticulum and the abomasum.
Abomasum The fourth stomach of a ruminant, which receives food from the omasum and passes it to the small intestine.
Salivary Gland Lubricate your mouth, help with swallowing, protect your teeth against bacteria, and aid in the digestion of food.
Gallbladder A small hollow organ where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine.
Pancreas A large gland behind the stomach which secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum.
Cardiac Valve That control blood flow to and from the heart.
Pyloric Valve A strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum.
Villi Any of the fingerlike or threadlike projections from the surface of certain membranous structures.
Absorption The process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another.
Alimentary Tract The pathway by which food enters the body and solid wastes are expelled.
Accessory Digestive Organ An organ that helps with digestion but is not part of the digestive tract.
Crop Harvest (plants or their produce) from a particular area.
Proventriculus The thick-walled muscular expansion of the esophagus above the stomach of crustaceans and insects.
Gizzard A muscular, thick-walled part of a bird's stomach for grinding food, typically with grit.
Cloaca A common cavity at the end of the digestive tract for the release of both excretory and genital products in vertebrates (except most mammals) and certain invertebrates.
Kidney A pair of bean-shaped organs on either side of your spine, below your ribs and behind your belly.
Duodenum The first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach, leading to the jejunum.
Pharynx The membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus.
Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates, involved in many metabolic processes.
Yolk Sac The yolk sac is situated on the ventral aspect of the embryo.
Lleocecal Valve Is a sphincter muscle valve that separates the small intestine and the large intestine.
Created by: Juan Campos
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