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Ch17 Endocrine Sys
Endocrine System review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| is composed of the ductless glands and other structures that secrete hormones into the bloodstream | endocrine system |
| is an organ that has specialized cells that secrete or excrete substances that are not related to the gland's ordinary metabolism | a gland |
| have ducts that enable them to empty secreations onto and external or internal body surface | exocrine gland |
| excess secretion is | hypersecretion |
| hormones are either proteins or | steroids |
| this gland is a small round structure about 1 cm in diamter that is attached by a stalk at the base of the brain | pitutary gland (hypophysis) |
| lies above each of the two kidneys | adrenal gland |
| above the kidneys | supra/renal |
| shaped like a pine cone and is attached tot he posterior part of the brain | pineal gland |
| an elongated structure that has digestive functions, as well as endocrine functions | the pancreas |
| supplies numerous hormones that act directly on cells or stimulate other glands that govern many vital processes | pitutiary |
| the posterior lobe of the pitutary is called | neurohypophysis |
| the anterior lobe of the pituitary is the | adenohypophysis |
| affects the volume of urine excreted | antidiuretic hormone |
| cause a decrease in the amount of water lost in urination | anti/diuretics |
| this hormone increases the rate of growth and maintains size once growth is attained | somatotropin |
| a black or dark brown pigment that occurs naturally in the hair, skin, and parts of the eye | melanin |
| stimulate the ovaries of the female and the testes of the male | gonado/trop-ic hormone |
| normally functioning thyroid | euthyroid |
| two glands of the female breasts that secrete milk | mammary glands |
| inducing the secretion fo milk | lacto/genic |
| is the secretion or ejecting of milk | lactation |
| behind the mammary gland | retro/mammary |
| petaining to the gonads | gonadal |
| help maintain water balance in the body | mineralo/corticoids |
| producing masculine characteritics or masculinization | andro/genic |
| is secreted in response to food in the stomach | gastrin hormone |
| located near the middle of the chest cavity behind the breastbone | thymus |
| the hormone produced by the thymus is | thymosin |
| the method of using the hands or fingers to examine an organ is | palpuation |
| abnormally increased activity of the throid | hyper/thyroid/ism |
| is useful in identifying tumors involving the pitutary or the hypothalamus | magnetic resonance imaging |
| presence of sugar in the urine | glycosuria |
| presence of ketones int he urine | ketonuria |
| a diagnostic producre that uses x-rays to study the soft tissues of the breast | mammo/graphy |
| any disease of a gland | adenopathy |
| is a bnign tumor in which the cells are clearly derived from glndular tissue | aden/oma |
| any of a large group of malignant tumors of the glands | adeno/carcinoma |
| a disorder associated with a dificiency of adh or inability of the kidneys to respond to adh | diabetes insipidus |
| excessive urination | polyuria |
| excessive thirst | polydipsia |
| is decreased activity of the pituitary gland | hypo/pituitar/ism |
| increased pituitary activity | hyperpituitarism |
| a typical feature of the disease, enlargement of the extremities | acromeglay |
| any disease of the thyroid gland | thyropathy |
| inflammation of the thyroid gland | thyroid/itis |
| is a condition caused by excessive secretion of two hormones of the thyroid gland | hyper/thyroid/ism |
| eyes protrudes outward | ex/ophthalmos |
| a life-threatening event that is usually triggerd by a major stressor, such as trauma or infection | thyrotoxicosis |
| decreased activity of the thyroid gland | hypothyroidism |
| below normal functioniong of the parathyroids | hypo/parathyroid/ism |
| abnormally increased activity of the parathyroids | hyper/parathyroid/ism |
| less than normal level of calcium in the blood | hypoclacemia |
| greater than normal blodd calcium level | hyper/calc/emia |
| decreased funcitonal activity of the gonands | hypo/gonad/ism |
| is enlargement of one of both adrenal glands | adreno/megaly |
| increased secretory activiy of the adrenals | hyper/adrenal/ism |
| excessive growth of the male mammary glands | gynecomastia |
| decreased adrenal activity | hypo/adrenal/ism |
| pertains to the adrenal cortex | adreno/cortical |
| inflammation of the pancreas | pancreatitis |
| is a deficient secretion of insulin by the pancreas | hypo/insulin/ism |
| excessive hunger and uncontrolled eating | polyphagia |
| carbohydrate intolerance, usually caused by a deficiency of insulin | gestational diabetes mellitus |
| excessive insulin in the blood | hyper/insulin/ism |
| breast pain | mamm/algia |
| is a disorder characterized by single or multiple bengin cysts of the breast | fibro/cystic breast disease |
| means breast cancer | masto/carcinoma |
| inflammtory condition of the breast | mastitis |
| excision of the thyroid | thyrodiectomy |
| excision of an adrenal gland | adrenalectomy |
| surgical removal of a breast | mastectomy |
| surgical fixation of a breast | mastpexy |
| plastic surgery of the breast | mammoplasty |
| excision of a lump in the breast | lumpectomy |
| antidiuretic hormone | kidneys |
| follicle-stimulating hormone | gonads |
| luteinizing hormone | gonads |
| oxytocin | breasts |
| thyrotropin | thyroid gland |
| adernalin | epinephrine |
| decreased thyroid activity | hypothyroidism |
| excessive growth of hair | hirsutism |
| glands that produce ova or sperm | gonad |
| lactogenic hormone | prolactin |
| master gland | pituitary |
Created by:
LSerreia
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