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Circulatory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Endocardium | Smooth layer of cells that lines the inside of the heart and is continuous with the inside of blood vessels. It allows for the smooth flow of blood. |
| Pericardium | A double-layered membrane or sac that covers the outside of the heart. A lubricating fluid called pericardial fluid fills thee space between the two layers to prevent friction and damage to the membrane as the heart beats or contracts. |
| Myocardium | Thickest layer of the heart, the muscular middle layer. |
| Diastole | The right and left sides of the hear work together in a cyclic manner. This cycle consists of a brief period of rest. |
| Arterioles | A small branch of an artery that leads to the capillary. |
| Veins | Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical veins, both of which carry oxygenated blood to the heart. |
| Arteries | Carry blood away from the heart. They're more muscular and elastic than the other blood vessels because they receive the blood as it is pumped from the heart. |
| Capillaries | Connect arterioles with venules, the smallest veins. It's located in close proximity to almost every cell in the body. It has thin walls containing only one layer of cells. Thin walls allows oxygen and nutrients to pass through to the cells and allow carb |
| Plasma % of water? | 90% of water |
| Hemoglobin | A complex protein composed of globin and the iron compound called heme. It carries both oxygen and carbon dioxide. It gives blood its normal red color. More oxygen - bright red less oxygen - dark red with bluish coat |
| Hypotension | Abnormally low blood. |
| If hypotension is not treated, it can lead to... | It can make you fall because of dizziness or fainting. Shock, a severe form of hypotension, is a condition that's often fatal if not treated right away. |
| Aorta | Located between the left ventricle and the aorta, the largest artery in the body. It closes when the left ventricle is finished contracting, allowing blood to flow into the aorta and preventing blood from flowing back into the left ventricle. |
| Erythrocytes | Also known as red blood cells, are produced in the red bone marrow at a rate of about one million per minute. They live approximately 120 days before being broken down by the river and spleen. There are 4.5 to 6 million erythrocytes per cubic centimeter. |
| Thrombocytes | Platelets, usually descried as fragments or pieces of cells because they lack nuclei and vary in shape and size. Formed in the bone marrow and live for about 5-9 days. |
| Leukocytes | White blood cells are formed in the bone marrow and lymph tissue and usually live for about 3-9 days. A normal count is 4,500 to 11,000 leukocytes per cubic millimeters of blood. They can pass through capillary walls and enter body tissue.Fights infection |
| Hemophilia | A medical condition in which the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, causing the sufferer to bleed severely from even a slight injury. The condition is typically caused by a hereditary lack of a coagulation factor, most often factor VIII. |
| Sickle cell anemia | A severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels. It is most common among those of African descent. |
| DVT & Pulmonary embolism | When a blood clot called a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), often in your leg, travels to your lungs and blocks a blood vessel. That leads to low oxygen levels in your blood. It can damage the lung and other organs and cause heart failure, too. |
| Bright red color of blood is produced by... | Hemoglobin |
| Aneurysm | An excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall. |
| Know the order and names of electrical conductivity of the heart | The sino-atrial (SA) node. The atrio-ventricular (AV) node. The bundle of His. The left and right bundle branches. The Purkinje fibres. |
| Blood types | A+, AB+, B+, O+, O-, B-, AB-, A- |
| A+ | Give to: A+, AB+ Receive blood from: A+,A-,O+, O- |
| O+ | Give to: O+, A+, B+, AB+ Receive: O+, O- |
| B+ | Give to: B+, AB+ Receive: B+, B-, O+, O- |
| Universal donor | O- Donate to: Everyone Receive from: O- |
| Universal recipient | AB+ Donate to: AB+ Receive from: Everyone |
| A- | Donate: A+, A-, AB+, AB- Receive: A-, O- |
| B- | Donate: B+, B-, AB+, AB- Receive: B-, O- |
| AB- | Donate: AB+, AB- Receive: AB- , A-, B-, O- |
| AV | Aortic valve |
| IVC | Inferior vena cava |
| LA | Left atrium |
| LPA | Left pulmonary artery |
| LV | Left ventricle |
| MPA | Main pulmonary artery |
| MV | Mitral valve |
| PV | Pulmonary valve |
| P. VEINS | Pulmonary veins |
| RA | Right atrium |
| RPA | Right pulmonary artery |
| RV | Right ventricle |
| SVC | Superior vena cava |
| TV | Tricuspid valve |
| Blood reaches heart through ____ and ___. | Superior vena cava (SVA) and Inferior vena cava (IVC). |
| Blood flow through heart (continued) | Right atrium, to tricuspid valve, to RV, to PV, to MPA, to LPA and RPA, to lungs - blood receives O2 and releases CO2 ,from lungs to pulmonary veins, to LA, to mitral (bicuspid) valve, to left ventricle |
| Blood flow (continued) | To aortic valve,to aorta,blood with oxygen then goes to all cells of the body. |
Created by:
NataliaO
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