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Diuretics (Ziance)
Pharm Y2B3
Question | Answer |
---|---|
thiazide | MOA: early distal tubule - inc flow of Na and H2O downstream segments of DT |
thiazide | PT: Cl/Na channel - dec in Na reabsorption |
thiazide | ADR: impotence, hyponatremia, hemolytic anemia |
thiazide | hydrocholorothiazide |
thiazide | chlorthalidone |
thiazide | indapamide |
loop diuretic | MOA: ascending loop - inhibit Na/K/Cl cotransporter; DT and CD will NOT reabsorb extra Na and Cl |
loop diuretic | MOA: second site - inhibit Na reabsorb into interstitial fluid |
loop diuretic | MOA: third site - weak inhibition of CA |
loop diuretic | ADR: ototoxicity/nephrotoxicity; severe dehydration |
loop diuretic | furosemide |
loop diuretic | bumetanide |
loop diuretic | torsemide |
loop diuretic | ethacrynic acid |
K sparring agent | MOA: block Na channel in lumen, therefore less K diffusion in lumen |
K sparring agent | amiloride |
K sparring agent | triamterene |
aldosterone receptor blocker | MOA: CT - inhibit Na/H2O reabsorb. only takes several days |
aldosterone receptor blocker | ADR: gynecomastia |
aldosterone receptor blocker | spironolactone |
CA inhibitor | acetazolamide |
CA inhibitor | dorzolamide |
osmotic diuretics | 4 MOA sites: pretty much prevents osmosis, even reduces efficiency of Na/K/Cl cotransporter |
osmotic diuretics | ADR: worsening of CHF/pulmonary edema, reversible ARF |
osmotic diuretic | mannitol |
combo therapy | K-sparring + thiazide |
K sparring agent | ADR: reduce GLU tolerance, photosensitivity |