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PATH: Breast
Basics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how many ducts are in the breast | 6-10 |
| what is a duct composed of | acini and stroma |
| what is the terminal ductal lobular unit | lobule and duct |
| from the promial to distal ducts | terminal => Lactiferous duct => Lactiferous sinus => collecting duct and out the nipple |
| lymphatic drainage in the chest area is split between the axial and intramammary system how? | 75% axial and 25% intramammary |
| what is the inner layer of the breast | ductal and lobular layer cuboid shape |
| outer layer of the breast | myoepithelial with spindle shape |
| what happens at puberty | lobular units are developing |
| what happens during a menstral cycle | proliferation of the lobules with vaculozation during the luteal phase after ovulation |
| what happens to the lobule during pregnancy | pronounced lobules with incresed vaculization with distended lumens |
| what happens to the lumen post menopause | lobar atrophy and incresed fat |
| what are the three ways to scan the breast | Physical exam, Mammography, Biopsy |
| what can you see with mammography | mass, microcalcifications (also in benign), assymetry |
| what can you see with biopsy | invasive vs. non-invasive |
| Can biopsy be therapeutic | yes if it is excisional but may need surgery and or radiation |
| what is the most common malignancy | breast cancer |
| what is the number 2 cause of cancer death in women | breastcancer |
| what is the median age to get cancer | 50 |
| Risk factors of breast cancer | family, genetics, hormones, radiation, proliferative disesae, dietary fat |
| what percent of breast cancers are inherited | 5% |
| what percent of inherited breast cancers are BRCA1 and 2 | 70% |
| how do hormones play a role in the development of breast cancer | early menarche, late menopause, late age of 1st pregnancy |
| how long is the latent period of radiation | 10-15 years |
| what are the proliferative breast disseases | Fibrocystic change, ductal hyperplasia and radial scar |
| where are most mets and spreads | spread to axial, internal mammary, and supraclavicular nodes |
| where are some common distal sites of spreading breast cancer | skeletal muscles, lungs, CNS |
| what is the prognosis of breast cancer based on | TMN |
Created by:
jmuame03
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