Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bact: stupid drugs
Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| drugs that alter the bacteria cell wall | fosfomycin, cycloserine, vancomycin, bacitracin, B lactams |
| how does fosfomycin work | binds covalently to muramic acid synthesizing enzyme to inhibit synthesis of Muramic |
| how are bacteria developing fosfomycin resistance | decreased uptake |
| how does cycloserine work? | inhibits synthesis of D-ala D-ala |
| how are bacteria becoming resistant to cycloserine | decreased uptake |
| how does vancomycin work | binds D-ala D-ala and prevents transglycosylation |
| how are bacteria becoming resistant to vancomycin | they alter D-ala D-ala to make it D-ala-D lactate |
| who is especially resitant to vancomycin | enterococcus |
| how does bacitracin work | blocks dephosphyorylation of lipid carriers |
| what does bacitracin and vancomycin work against | Gram + |
| how does b lactams work | inhibits PBP which carry out crosslinking, it inhibits transpeptidation |
| are B-lactams bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic | cidal |
| what does the b lactam ring mimic | the D-ala D-ala of the peptidoglycan precursor |
| how do b lactams differ | different side chains same nucleus |
| who are two b-lactamase inhibitors | clavulanic acid and sulbactam |
| What drugs work on cell membrane | polymyxin |
| how does polymyxin work | cationic detergent that binds LPS |
| how is polymyxin applied | topical kills even non-dividing gram neg bacteria |
| what drugs work on the DNA structure | nitrofuantoin adn metronidazole |
| how do drugs that work on the DNA structure function | the nitro group is reduced by a nitroreductase and makes a reactive species that cleaves DNA |
| nitrofurantoin and metroniadazole are only effective against? | anaerobes |
| what drugs alter DNA synthesis | quinolones, fluoroquinolones |
| how do drugs that alter DNA synthesis work? | inhibits DNA gyrase, topoisomerase II blocks DNA supercoiling |
| how are bacteria resistant to quinolones | alter target |
| what drugs alter RNA synthesis | Rifamycins |
| how does rifamycin work | blocks RNA polmerase |
| how does resistance to rifamycin work | alter B subunit of RNA polymerase |
| drugs that alter protein synthesis are static or cidal | static |
| what drugs affect the 50S ribosomal unit | chloramphenicol, macrolides (azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin), lincosamides |
| how do choramphenicols work | bind reversibly to exit tunnel of 50s |
| how do the macrolides work (erythro, azithro, clarithro) | block translocation and elongation |
| how does resistance develope to macrolides | alter target |
| how do lincosamides work | binds 50S and blocks peptide bond formation |
| how does tetracyclin work | stops tRNA from binding |
| who should not get tetracyclin | pregnant women and children (bone seeking) |
| how have bacteria become resistant to tetracyclin | decreased uptake increased efflux |
| how do aminoglycosides work | bind irreversibly to 30S |
| what is special about aminoglycosides | they are bacteriocidal |
| when are aminoglycosides useful | anerobic conditions |
| how are bacteria becoming resistant to aminoglycosides | alter target, inactivate the drug, decrease uptake |
| how does bactrim work | inhibits thymine synth via blockage of dihydropteroate synthetase |
| is bactrim static or cidal | static |
| how has resistance developed to bactrim | alter target, decrease uptake, increase level of target enzymes |
| how does trimethoprim work | inhibits thymine synth |
| how are bacteria becoming resistant to trimethoprim | increase level of targer or alter target |
| what does isoniazid do | inhibits mycolic acid synthesis |
| when is mycolic acid important | M. Tb |
| prblem with isoniazid | hepatotoxic |
Created by:
jmuame03
Popular Medical sets