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Muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| occipitofrontalis? | raises of eyebrows |
| obricularis oculi? | closing of eyelids, and causes, “crows feet”. |
| orbicularis oris? | picked of the lips. |
| buccinator? | flattening of the cheeks |
| zygomaticus? | smiling muscle |
| levator labii superioris? | sneering. |
| depressor anguli oris? | frowning. |
| mastication? | chewing |
| intrinsic tongue muscles? | change the shape of the muscle |
| extrinsic tongue muscle? | moves tongue |
| sternocleidomastoid? | lateral neck muscle, and prime mover |
| erector spinae? | group of muscles on each side of the back |
| thoracic muscles? | muscles that move the thorax |
| most involved in breathing? | external intercostal. internal intercostal. diaphragm. dome. |
| external intercostal? | elevate ribs during inspiration |
| internal intercostal? | contact during forced expirations |
| diaphragm? | accomplishes quiet breathing |
| dome? | shaped muscle, aids in breathing |
| abdominal wall muscles? | they flex and rotate the vertebral column, compress the abdominal cavity, and hold the abdominal viscera. |
| linea alba? | tendinous area in abdominal area, consists of white connective tissue rather than muscle. |
| rectus abdominis? | on each side of the linea alba |
| trapezius? | rotates scapula |
| serratus anterior? | pulls scapula anteriorly |
| pectoralis major ? | adducts and flexes the arm |
| latissimus dorsi? | rotated, adducts, and powerfully extends arm. |
| Gluteus maximus | buttocks |
| quadriceps femoris | extends the leg |
| satorius | flexes the thigh |
| triceps brachii | extends the forearm |
| biceps brachii | flexes the forearm |
| brachialis | flexes forearm |
| brachioradials | flexes and supinates the forearm |
| retinaculum | strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor |
| flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
| extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
| extensor digitorum | extends the fingers |
| deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula |
| hamstring | posterior thigh muscles |
| gastrocnemius and soleus | from the calf muscle |
| calcaneal tendon | flex the foot and toes |
| peroneus | lateral muscles of the leg |
| intrinsic foot | 20 muscles located within the foot |
| contractility | skeletal muscles to shorten with force |
| excitability | capacity of skeletal muscles to respond to stimulus |
| extensibility | ability to be stretched |
| elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length |
| epimysium | surrounds muscles with connective tissue |
| fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium |
| perimysium | A muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called muscle fasciculi, which are surrounded by loose connective tissue |
| fibers | The fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells |
| endomysium | Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the |
| myofibrils | The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled |
| actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments. They resemble 2 minute strands of pearls twisted together |
| myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments. They resemble bundles of minute golf clubs. |
| sarcomeres | which are joined end to end to form the myofibril |
| the resting membrane potential. | The outside of most cell membranes is positively charged compared to the inside of the cell membrane, which is negatively charged. The charge difference across the membrane |
| action potential. | When a muscle cell is stimulated the membrane characteristics change briefly. The brief reversal back of the charge |
| Motor neurons | are nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
| neuromusclular junction | Axons enter the muscles and branch. Each branch that connects to the muscle forms a |
| synapse | near the center of the cell. |
| motor unit | A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
| presynaptic terminal | the muscle fiber |
| synaptic cleft | the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| acetylcholine | that secrete a neurotransmitter |
| acetylcholinesterase. | The acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is rapidly broken down by an enzymes |
| sliding filament mechanism | The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction |
| Muscle twitch | is a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers. |
| threshold | A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level |
| all-or-none response. | The phenomenon |
| lag phase | The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction |
| contraction phase | The time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | The time during which the muscle relaxes |
| Tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing. |
| recruitment | The increase in number of motor units being activated |
Created by:
Dallasb10
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