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Chapter 6 Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| contractility | ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force |
| excitability | capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to stimulus |
| extensibility | ability to be stretched |
| elasticity | ability to recoil to their original size after being stretched |
| origin | most stationary endo of the muscle |
| insertion | the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| belly | portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion |
| synergist | muscles that work together for specific movements |
| antagonists | muscle that work in opposition to one another |
| prime mover | muscle plays the major role in accomplishing movement |
| epimysium | skeletal muscle surrounded by tissue sheath |
| fascia | connective tissue located outside of epimysiumper |
| perimysium | muscle is |
| muscle cells | muscle fibers |
| endomysium | connective tissue sheath |
| myofibrils | threadlike structure |
| actin myofilaments | strands of pearls twisted together |
| myosin myofilaments | bundles of minute golf balls |
| sarcomeres | actin and myosin myofilaments formed |
| resting membrane potential | charge difference across the membrane |
| action potential | brief reversal back of the charge |
| motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials |
| neuromuscular junction or synapse | branch connects to muscles to form |
| motor unit | single motor neuron and skeletal muscle fibers |
| presynaptic terminal | enlarged nerve terminal |
| synaptic cleft | the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| postsynaptic terminal | muscle fiber of synaptic cleft |
| synaptic vesicles | presynaptic terminal |
| acetylcholine | neurotransmitter |
| acetylcholinesterase | synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell |
| sliding filament mechanism | myofilaments during contraction |
| muscle twitch | contraction of an entire muscle response to a stimuli |
| threshold | a level stimuli reaches |
| all-or-none | muscle fiber contract maximally |
| lag phase | beginning of contraction |
| contraction phase | time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | time during which muscle relaxes |
| tetany | muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| recruitment | increase in number of motor units being activated |
| ATP | needed for energy for muscle contraction |
| ATP | produced in the mitochondria |
| ATP | short lived and unstable |
| ADP | plus phosphate |
| creatine phosphate | high energy molecule |
| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| oxygen debt | amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid |
| muscle fatigue | when ATP is used during contraction |
| isometric | equal distance |
| isotonic | equal tension |
| muscle tone | muscle tone refers to constant tension |
| fast twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue |
| slow twitch fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue |
| origin | stationary end of the muscle |
| insertion | the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| belly | portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion |
| synerigsts | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movement |
| antagonist | muscle that works in opposition to one another |
| sliding filament mechanism | myofilaments during contraction |
| muscle twitch | contraction of an entire muscle response to a stimuli |
| threshold | a level stimuli reaches |
| all-or-none | muscle fiber contract maximally |
| lag phase | beginning of contraction |
| contraction phase | time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | time during which muscle relaxes |
| tetany | muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| recruitment | increase in number of motor units being activated |
| muscles that work opposite of eachother | antagonists |
| anaerobic respiration | produces lactic acid within the muscle |
| a muscle fiber is surrounded by the | endomysium |
| a muscle is composed of numerous bundles called | fasculi |
| slow twitch | muscle fibers fatigue quickly |
| fast twitch | muscle fibers fatigue quickly |
| tongue muscles | intrinsic and extrensic |
| orbicular oculi | closes eyelid |
| not a characteristic of skeletal muscle | reversibility |
| muscle twitch | a contraction of an entire muscle in response to stimuli |
Created by:
mdlemon1
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