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MRCP Heart

QuestionAnswer
The right ventricle lies anterior to the left ventricle
The tricuspid valve is the most anterior valve of the heart and is the most common to be a stabbing attack
The left atrium is the most posterior chamber of the heart
the right atrium is just anterior and to the right of the left atrium.
The left atrial appendage is not readily seen on transthoracic echocardiography requires transoesophageal echocardiography.
The aortic valve is tricuspid
internal thoracic artery arises from the subclavian artery.
The subscapular artery arises from the ______ and is its ______ branch, eventually ______ with the _______ and ______ arteries. axillary and is its largest branch, eventually anastomosing with the lateral thoracic and intercostal arteries.
descending aorta lies behind (posterior to) the left main bronchus.
ascending aorta is anterior to the pulmonary trunk.
left pulmonary artery is anterior to the left main bronchus.
right main bronchus should be beside the left following bifurcation of the trachea.
superior vena cava can be found next to the ascending aorta
oesophagus is also a posterior structure to the left main bronchus.
left atrial enlargement can result in mitral regurgitation by affecting which leaflet? posterior leaflet
anterior leaflet is not affected, because of its attachment to the root of the aorta.
Basic understanding of coronary anatomy is important as this is predictive of problems following MI. For example: Basic understanding of coronary anatomy is important as this is predictive of problems following MI. For example:
the right coronary artery supplies the AV node, so so heart block following inferior MI is common
However, heart block following anterior MI is a _________ marker as this indicates a grave prognostic marker as this indicates a large anterior wall infarct.
The right coronary system also supplies the _________, hence problems relating to a ________________ are commonly associated with an _________. right ventricle, hence problems relating to a right ventricular infarct are commonly associated with an inferior MI.
right coronary artery supplies the ____________ and occlusion causes _______ inferior myocardium and occlusion causes ST elevation in II, III and aVF.
Posterior descending artery Posterior descending artery
a branch of the right coronary artery in _____ of people (a branch of the circumflex in the remaining population). 85%
The concept of coronary dominance refers to which coronary artery supplies the posterior descending coronary artery.
85% of patients having a dominant right coronary artery
______of patients having a dominant left circumflex. 15%
Posterior descending artery supplies the posterior left ventricular myocardium
post. Descend. Artery occlusion causes posterior MI (ST depression in V1-V4 with a dominant R wave in V1).
Circumflex Lateral, Occlusion produces ST elevation in V5, V6, I and aVL
Left anterior descending: anterior and septum Occlusion ST segment elevation in leads V1-V4
Right bundle branch block in acute anterior myocardial infarction suggests obstruction prior to the first septal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery
Left main stem:  branches into the left anterior descending artery and circumflex and supplies most of the left ventricle.
Complete left main stem occlusion is
invariably fatal.
Occlusion of the left main stem has the same effect as occlusion of the left circumflex and anterior descending simultaneously (given that they are both branches of the above).
It would produce extensive ST elevation across all the chest leads I and aVL and possibly aVR,
Obtuse marginal: one of the branches of the circumflex and supplies the 'high lateral' region of the left ventricle (ECG leads I and aVL)
Created by: kaish98bd
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