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MedChem II - stack 1
Catecholaminergic drugs part 1
| Drug name | Description |
|---|---|
| Vinca alcaloids (e.g. Vincristine), paclitaxel, colchicine | Block axonal transport of catecholamine NT's |
| Local anesthetics | Inhibit catecholaminergic neurotransmission |
| alpha-Methyl p-Tyrosine (Metyrosine, Demser (R)) | competitive inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase, treats pheochromacytoma |
| alpha-Methyldopa (Aldomet) | Inhibitor of L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, resulting product is a false transmitter, has agonist activity at alpha2 receptors, and thus antihypertensive activity |
| Disulfuram (Antabuse) | Inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, chelates copper cofactor in dopamine beta-hydroxylase, therefore can cause hypotension |
| Reserpine and other Rauwolfia alkaloids | Inhibit transport of dopamine and norepinephrine into the storage vesicles, may also affect storage of serotonin |
| Desperidine | Inhibits catecholamine storage |
| Guanethidine monosulfate (Ismelin Sulfate) | Inhibits catecholamine storage and prevents NT release, treats moderate to severe hypertension and renal hypertension |
| Guanadrel Sulfate (Hylorel) | Inhibits catecholamine storage, acts as a false NT, and prevents NT release, antihypertensive |
| Bretylium tosylate (Bretychol) | Inhibits catecholamine storage and prevents NT release, originally used as antihypertensive, now discontinued |
| Epinephrine (Primatine Mist, Bronkaid Mist), also HCl (Adrenalin) and Borate (Epinal) | Direct alpha and beta receptor agonist, treat bronchospasms, hypersensitivity reactions, prolong action of local anesthetics, restore cardiac rhythm during cardiac arrest |
| Norepinephrine bitartrate (Levophed) | Potent alpha agonist, little action on beta-2 receptors, used in treatment of some shock syndromes |
| Dipiverin hydrochloride (Propine) | Direct alpha and beta agonist, prodrug, used to treat open-angle glaucoma |
| Dobutamine hydrochloride (Dobutrex) | Direct alpha and beta agonist, has complex pharmacology, used clinically for cardiac stimulation |
| Phenylephrine hydrochloride (Neosynephrine) | Direct alpha agonist, used as a nasal decongestant and mydriatic (pupil dilation) |
| Metaraminol bitartrate (Aramine) | Direct alpha agonist, also indirect actions, treats hypotension |
| Methoxamine hydrochloride (Vasoxyl) | Direct alpha agonist, treats hypotension |
| Midorine hydrochloride (Proamatine) | Direct alpha-1 agonist, treats hypotension |
| Imidazolines (Xylometazoline, Oxymetazoline HCl, Naphazoline HCl, Tetrahydrozoline HCl) | Direct alpha-1 agonists, used as nasal and ocular decongestants, OTC |
| Clonidine (Catapres) | Centrally acting alpha-2 agonist, treats hypertension |
| Guanabenz Acetate (Wytensin) Guanfacine Hydrochloride (Tenex) | Analogues of clonidine, centrally acting alpha-2 agonists, treat hypertension, guanfacine-ADHD (off-label use) |
| Tizanidine Hydrochloride (Zanaflex) | Centrally acting alpha-2 agonist, used for muscle spasticity |
| Apraclonidine (Iodipine) | Alpha-2 agonist, reduces intraocular pressure |
| Brimonidine (Alphagan) | Analogue of apraclonidine, more selective for alpha-2 receptors, reduces intraocular pressure, can cause systemic side effects |
| Isoproterenol HCl (Isuprel) Isoproterenol sulfate (Medihaler-Iso) | Beta agonist, bronchodilator |
| Bitolerol mesylate (Ronalate) - metabolized to Colterol | Beta agonist, slight beta-2 selectivity, bronchodilator |
| Ethylnorepinephrine (Bronkephrin) | Beta agonist, little alpha agonist activity, bronchodilator |
| Isoetharine HCl (Arm-a-Med) | Beta agonist, more beta-2 activity, very little alpha activity, bronchodilator |
| Albuterol and Albuterol Sulfate (Proventil, Ventolin, etc.) | Beta-2 agonist, bronchodilator |
| Levalbuterol (Xopenex) | (R)-albuterol isomer, therapeautically active agent, beta-2 agonist, bronchodilator |
| Pirbuterol acetate (Maxair) | Beta-2 agonist, bronchodilator |
| Salmeterol xinafoate (Serevent) | Long-acting beta-2 agonist, used for long term management of bronchospasm |
| Formoterol fumarate (Foradil) | Long-acting beta-2 agonist, treats asthma, COPD, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema |
| Ritoridine HCl (Yutopar) | Beta-2 agonist, used to inhibit uterine contractions in preterm labor |
| Pseudoephedrine | Indirect acting adrenergic agonist, threo racemate of ephedrine |
| Dextroamphetamine sulfate (Dexedrine) | Indirect adrenergic agonist, readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, treats obesity and narcolepsy |
| Methamphetamine HCl (Desoxyn) | Indirect adrenergic agonist, previously used in treatment of ADD |
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