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Skeletal System
Chapter 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| diaphysis | shaft part of the long bone |
| medullary cavity | hollow tube running down the middle of the diaphysis, filled with yellow marrow and is used for shock absorption |
| periosteum | thin membrane covering the diaphysis where the tendons and ligaments attach |
| epiphyses | ends of the long bones, made of spongey bone which is filled with red bone marrow |
| articular cartilage | covering the epiphyses, a smooth surface that assist in joint function |
| metaphysis | the growth plate, between the diaphysis and the epiphysis |
| bone matrix consist of: | calcium phosphate 92/3 of the weight) and calcium hydroxide and collagen fibers |
| lamellae | layer of bone matrix |
| osteocytes | bone cells, live in a pocket called lacuna, maintain and monitor the protein and mineral content of the matrix and can assist in the repair of bone |
| osteoblasts | "bone builder" produce bone matrix, process called osteogenesis |
| Osteoprogenitor cells | stem cells which divide to maintain the population of osteoblasts--important in healing fractures |
| Osteoclasts | "bone destroyers" descendants of monocytes (white blood cells) remove bone matrix by dissolving with acids and enzymes this reabsorption process is called OSTEOLYSIS |
| ossification | bone formation |
| calcification | depositing of calcium in body tissues |
| endochondral ossification | formation of long bones |
| intramembranous ossification | formation of flat bones (skull & mandible) |
| bone remodeling | constant breaking down and re-making of bones to ensure strength and durability |
Created by:
michellerolfs
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