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Skeletal System Note
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe epiphyses | Expanded ends of the bones that form joints with adjacent bones |
| Describe articular cartilage | Made of hyaline cartilage that covers the epiphyses |
| Describe diaphysis | The shaft of the bone |
| Describe periosteum | A tough layer of vascular dense connective tissue that covers the bone |
| Describe medullary cavity | A hollow cavity lined with endosteum membrane, and is filled with yellow marrow and is located in the diqphysis bone shaft |
| What is the difference between spongy bone and compact bone | Spongy bone is the inner part of the bone structure and is not as strong due to its holey structure that allows the bone to be more light weight. Compact bone is the outer part of the bone structure and is solid, making it stronger |
| In the microscopic structure of the bone, what does the central canal of the osteons contain | Blood vessels and nerves |
| What is intramembranous bone, what bones does it form | Intramembranous bone is formed sheet-like layers of connective tissue. This bone forms spongy bone |
| What is ossification | Formation of bone |
| Describe the epiphyseal plate | Is a band of hyaline cartilage that forms between the two ossification centers |
| Explain the factors of bone growth and repair | Vitamin D, growth hormones, sex hormones, and physical exercise |
| Differentiate between red and yellow marrow | Red marrow is where blood cells develop (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets), yellow marrow is where fat is stored |
| What are the functions of the bone | To support, protect, and shape the different parts of the body |
| What is the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts | Osteoblasts resort and osteoclasts deposit bone throughout life, this process is known as bone remodeling |
| What happens in the bone when blood calcium is low | Osteoblasts break down bone to release calcium |
| What happens in the bone when blood calcium is high | Osteoblasts form bone tissue and store calcium |
| Osteoblasts form spongy bone in the diaphysis | Step 1 how the endochondral bone grows and develops |
| Osteoblasts lay down compact bone around the primary ossification center | Step 2 how the endochondral bone grows and develops |
| Second ossification centers appear in the epiphysis | Step 3 how the endochondral bone grows and develops |
| The epiphyseal plate forms between the two ossification centers | Step 4 how the endochondral bone grows and develops |
| The medullary cavity forms in the diaphysis, and the osteoclasts erode the inside of the bone | Step 5 how the endochondral bone grows and develops |
Created by:
Kalico2019
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