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Medi Term Mid term
Mod 1-9 (mixed) All terms & definitions_8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| medulla | inner region of an organ |
| medullary | pertaining to the medulla or an organ |
| micturition | urination; voiding |
| nephrolithiasis | abnormal condition of kidney stones |
| nephrolithotomy | incision of the kidney to remove a stone |
| nephron | functional unit of the kidney; consists of a glomerulus, renal tubule and collecting tubule |
| nephropathy | disease or abnormality of the kidney |
| nephroptosis | prolapse of a kidney; floating or wandering kidney |
| nephrosclerosis | hardening of arteries and arterioles in the kidney |
| nephrostomy | opening of kidney to the outside of the body |
| nephrotic syndrome | group of symptoms that occur due to loss of protein in the urine; symptoms include edema, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria, & susceptibility to infection; also known as nephrosis |
| nitrogenous waste | substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine; urea, creatinine & uric acid |
| nocturia | urinary frequency at night |
| oliguria | scanty urine |
| paranephric | pertaining to beside or near a kidney |
| peritoneal dialysis | separation of nitrogenous wastes from bloodstream by introducing fluid into the peritoneal cavity; wastes leave the bloodstream which is drained through an abdominal catheter |
| perivesical | pertaining to surrounding the urinary bladder |
| phenylketonuria | excess of phenylketones in the urine; diagnosed by a PKU test at birth |
| polycystic kidney disease | kidneys are filled with cysts that prevent normal kidney function |
| polydypsia | excessive thirst |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| potassium | chemical element that forms salts with other minerals such as calcium and is vital for bodily processes; when dissolved in water, it is an electrolyte whose balance is regulated by the kidney |
| pyleogram | x-ray record of the kidney after injection of contrast material |
| pyelolithotomy | incision to remove a stone from the renal pelvis of the kidney |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney; caused by bacterial infection |
| pyuria | pus in the urine; sign of urinary tract infection (UTI) |
| reabsorption | process in the kidney by which the renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream |
| renal angiography | x-ray record of blood vessels of the kidney after injecting contrast material |
| renal angioplasty | surgical repair of blood vessels in the kidney; narrowed areas of renal arteries are dilated using an inflatable balloon attached to a catheter |
| renal artery | blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney |
| renal calculi | kidney stones |
| renal cell carcinoma | malignant tumor of the kidney in an adult |
| renal colic | severe pain resulting from stone in a ureter or in the kidney |
| renal failure | failure of the kidneys to produce and excrete urine |
| renal hypertension | high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
| renal ischemia | condition in which blood is held back from the kidney, often by blockage of renal arteries and arterioles |
| renal pelvis | central collecting chamber of the kidney |
| renal transplantation | surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient |
| renal tubule | microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration |
| renal vein | blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and back toward the heart |
| renin | substance (enzyme) synthesized, stored, and secreted by the kidney to raise blood pressure; causes narrowing of blood vessels |
| retrograde pyleogram | x-ray record of kidney, ureters and urinary bladder after injection of contrast material through a urinary catheter into the ureters |
| secondary hypertension | high blood pressure caused by kidney disease or by other disorders |
| sodium | chemical element necessary for cellular functioning; as an electrolyte, its blood and urine levels are regulated by the kidney |
| stricture | narrowing of a tubular structure in the body |
| trigone | triangular area in the urinary bladder where the ureters enter and urethra exits |
| trigonitis | inflammation of the trigone of the urinary bladder |
| urea | major nitrogenous waste material in urine |
| uremia | excessive amount of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood |
| ureter | tube leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder |
| uteroileostomy | new opening of the ureters to an isolated portion of the ileum that has been removed from its normal location and connected to the outside of the body; serves as passageway for urine to leave body when urinary bladder isn't functioning |
| ureterolithotomy | incision of a ureter for removal of a stone |
| ureteroneocystostomy | surgical transplantation of a ureter to a new site in the urinary bladder; occurs with a kidney transplant |
| urethra | tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
| urethral stricture | narrowing of urethra |
| urethritis | inflammation of urethra |
| urethroplasty | surgical repair of the urethra |
| uric acid | nitrogenous waste formed when proteins are used in cells; excreted by the kidneys in urine |
| urinalysis | series of test to evaluate the composition of urine; includes tests to determine color, appearance, sugar, bacteria and protein in blood |
| urinary bladder | hollow container with muscular walls that holds and store urine until it is discharged from the body |
| urinary catherization | passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder for temporary or permanent drainage of urine |
| urinary incontinence | involuntary passage of urine |
| urinary retention | inability to pass urine, which is held back in the urinary bladder |
| urination | process of expelling urine; micturition; voiding |
| vesicoureteral reflux | backflow of urine from the urinary bladder to the ureters |
| voiding | urination |
| voiding cystourethrogram | x-ray record of urinary bladder and urethra taken while a patient is urinating and after contract material is injected retrograde through the urethra |
| Wilms tumor | malignant neoplasm of kidney that occurs in childhood |
| interstitial cystitis | chronic inflammation of the bladder wall; not caused by bacterial infection and not responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy |
| vasopressin | a peptide hormone; has 3 effects which contributes to increased urine concentration, & decreased urine excretion; causes the kidneys to conserve water, concentrating the urine, and reducing urine volume |
| Bright's disease (nephrotic syndrome) | inflammation of the kidney glomerulus; exposure to toxins, or other conditions chronic health conditions; generalized edema & rapid weight gain are characteristic features. |
| abortion | premature ending of pregnancy before embryo or fetus is able to exist on its own |
| abruptio plancentae | premature detachment of the placenta from its place in the uterine wall |
| adnexa uteri | accessory part of the uterus; fallopian tubes or ovaries |
| amenorrhea | absence of menstrual flow |
| amniocentesis | surgical puncture with a needle to withdraw fluid from within the amniotic sac |
| amnion | innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus |
| amniotic fluid | fluid contained within the amniotic sac surrounding fetus |
| anovulatory | not accompanied by ovulation |
| Apgar score | system of scoring an infant’s physical condition at 1 and 5 minutes after birth |
| areola | dark, pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple |
| aspiration | withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction |
| Bartholin glands | 2 small mucus-secreting glands near the opening of the vagina to the outside of the body |
| bilateral oophorectomy | excision or removal of both ovaries |
| carcinoma in situ | cancerous tumor that is localized & has not spread either to nearby tissue or through the lymphatic system |
| carcinoma of the breast | malignant tumor of breast tissue; breast cancer |
| carcinoma of the cervix | malignant cells within the cervix |
| carcinoma of the endometrium | malignant tumor of the uterus |
Created by:
lfrancois
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