Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Biomechanics

CH Factors affecting force production

QuestionAnswer
Can we change fiber types? Only happens from type IIX -> IIA Not well with type IIX -> I
What does a neutralizer do? concept! to prevent unwanted movement
Hypertrophy increase in the # of myofibrils & myofilaments (myofiber diameter increases = more cross bridges)
Hyperplasia increase # of fibers
Series optimal force velocity of shortening & range of motion
Parallel Optimal for force production
How can you get stronger without hypertrophy? improving nervous system to regulate force
How do you regulate force? release more calcium = more cross bridges
Rate coding increase frequency stimulation
Spatial recruitment increase # of active motor units (MU's)
Order of recruitment type I -> IIA -> IIX
Henneman's size principle Motor units are recruited in order of their size from small to large
order of de-recruitment type IIX -> IIA -> I
Small muscles contribution of rate coding & spacial recruitment all MU's recruited @ aprox. 50% max force; there after rate coding is responsible for force increase up to max
Large muscles contribution of rate coding & spacial recruitment all MU's recruited @ appprox. 80% max force
velocity of shortening when resistance (force) is negligible, muscle contracts with maximal velocity
what is power? P = F V
isometric length-tension curve generated by maximally stimulating a skeletal muscle at a variety of discrete lengths and measuring the tension generated at each length
sarcomere length of 3.65 μm or greater has an active force of what? 0- NO FORCE
what happens to the force of a sarcomere length decreases to 2.25 μm to 2.00 μm ? increases
Length-tension relationship tension generated in skeletal muscle is a direct function of the degree of overlap between actin and myosin filament
Descending limb As the muscle is allowed to shorten, overlap between actin and myosin is possible; thus, cross-bridge formation and force production increases as sarcomere length decrease
Plateau Region sarcomere length shortening over the 2.0-2.2μm range results in greater filament overlap, it does not result in increased force production because no additional cross-bridges are made due to the central “bare” region of the thick filament
Po the maximum tetanic tension generated by muscle in this plateau region
Ascending limb 2.0 μm - decreased force actin filaments from one side of the sarcomere exist in a “double overlap” state as they overlap both with the opposite actin filament and the myosin filament
What is PNF? Proprioception Neuromuscular facilitation
Where does passive tension come from? Tinin
Stretch-shortening phenomenon human movement may be enhanced if the muscles primarily responsible for the movement are actively stretched prior to contractily concentrically -eccentric contraction will enhance the next concentric phase
mechanism storage and release of elastic strain energy
Coupling time delay between concentric and eccentric
Parallel fiber fibers are roughly parallel (II) to longitudinal axis
Pennate fiber short fibers attach at an angle (//) to one or more tendons with the muscle
Which fiber is stronger? Pennate or Parallel Pennate fiber because they are stacked on top of each other and the pull is diagonal. Sarcomeme is parallel with each other
What is the difference between Physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) and a Anatomical cross-sectional area (CSA) PSCA - perpendicular cut CSA- straight across cut
Electromechanical delay Time between arrival of a neural stimulus and tension development by the muscle
Temperature -affects force-velocity relationship -affects calcium dynamics (hot - improves calcium release b/c there is less Nero-resistance
Two joint muscle advantages -2 actions for the price of 1 muscle -less shortening velocity -more favorable position on both force/velovity & force/legth
Two joint muscle disadvantages -active insufficiency -passive insufficiency
Active insufficiency unable to actively shorten to produce a full rage of motion at each joint crossed simultaneously
Passive insufficiency unable to lengthen to produce a full range of motion at each joint crossed simultaneously
Created by: rmart11
Popular Anatomy sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards