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Unit 1 Rad A&P
Osteology, Upper Extremities
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Plane/Gliding | sliding or gliding movements between articulating surfaces |
| Hinge/Ginglymus | flexion and extension |
| Pivot/Trochoid | rotational movement |
| Ellipsoid/Condylar | Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction |
| Saddle/Sellar | flexion, extension,abduction, adduction, circumduction |
| ball and socket/spheroidal | flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, lateral, medial |
| bicondylar | single direction, limited rotation |
| syndesmoses | fibrous joint, amphiarthrodial |
| sutures | fibrous joint, synarthrodial |
| gomphoses | fibrous joint, amphiarthrodial |
| symphyses | cartilaginous joint, amphiarthrodial |
| synchondroses | cartilaginous joint, synarthrodial |
| axial skeleton | all bones that lie on or near the central axis of the body |
| appendicular skeleton | all the upper and lower extremities |
| Sesamoid bone | consist of body and two ends or extremities, found only in appendicular skeleton |
| Long bone | consist of body and two ends or extremities, found only in appendicular skeleton |
| short bone | roughly cuboidal shaped and found in wrists and ankles |
| flat bone | consists of 2 plates of compact bone with cancellous bone marrow between them |
| irregular bone | bones that have peculiar shapes that don't have a definitive category |
| hyaline cartilage | found within the covering over ends of bones |
| articulating cartilage | found within the covering over ends of bones |
| cancellous and compact bone | What is short bones composed of? |
| compact bone, cancellous bone, medullary cavity, perioustem, and hyaline cartilage | what is the long bone composed of? |
| compact bone, cancellous bone, bone marrow | what is flat bone composed of? |
| intramembranous and endochondral | what are the types of bone formation |
| intramembranous | what type of ossification replaces membranes into bone? |
| endochondral | what type of ossification replaces cartilage into bone? |
| intramembranous ossification | ossification that occurs rapidly and takes place in bones needed for protection |
| endochondral ossification | slower ossification that is slow and occurs in most parts of the skeleton especially the long bones |
| diayphysis | the primary center of ossification is called |
| body | diaphysis creates what part of the bone? |
| epiphysis | secondary center of ossification is called |
| near the ends of limbs of long bones | epiphysis creates what part of the bone |
| Epiphyseal plates | what is the wider portion of a long bone adjacent to epiphyseal plate? |
| Metaphysis | what is the wider portion of a long bone adjacent to epiphyseal plate? |
| periosteum | a fibrous membrane that covers the outer surfaces of bone, contains a network of blood vessels |
| articular cartilage | covers only at the joint surfaces at the ends of bone and acts as a protective cushion |
| diaphysis | main shaft like portion of bone |
| epiphysis | end portion of the bone |
| medullary cavity | hollow, tubelike structure within the diaphysis |
| endosteum | inner membrane that lines the medullary cavity |
| compact bone | type of bone that is the outer layer of bone that appears dense and structureless |
| compact bone | type of bone that contain haversian systems |
| cancellous bone | type of bone composed of marrow-filled spaces separated by trabeculae |
| trabeculae | thin processes of bone |
| epiphyseal plate | separates the epiphysis and diaphysis |
| metaphysis | where the diaphysis meets the epiphyseal growth plate |
| endochondral ossification | what increases the length of a developing bone? |
| osteoclasts and osteoblasts | what increases the diameter of bone? |
| cartilage | resilient semi rigid form of CT that form parts of skeleton when more flexibility is required |
| hyaline cartilage | type of cartilage that covers articulating surfaces |
| articular cartilage | hyaline cartilage when it covers the ends of bones |
| medullary cavity | hollow portion in long bone |
| endosteum | inner membrane that lines the medullary cavity |
| trabeculae | meshwork of interconnecting spaces that often follow lines of stress within bone |
| trabeculae | what is produced when deposition of Ca salts in organic bone matrix? |
| nutrient artery | passes obliquely through compact bone |
| fontanels | membranous gaps that occur at birth |
| metaphysis | bone production in childhood that occurs at side of the plate nearest the shaft |
| red bone marrow | what produces red blood cells |
| yellow bone marrow | what produces fat cells |
| condyle | rounded process at an articular end |
| coracoid/coronoid | beak-like or crown-like process |
| crest | ridgle-like process |
| epicondyle | projection above a condyle |
| facet | small, smooth-surfaces articular process |
| hamulus | hook shaped process |
| head | hornlike process |
| line | linear elevation, not as prominent as a crest |
| malleolus | club shaped process |
| protuberance | projecting prominence |
| spine | sharp process |
| trochanter | either of the 2 large, rounded, and elevated processes of proximal femur |
| tubercle or tuberosity | small, rounded, and elevated process |
| fissure | cleft or deep groove |
| foramen | hole in bone |
| nutrient foramen | hole in bone for transmission of vessels and nerves |
| fossa | pit, fovea or hollow space |
| froove | shallow linear channel |
| meatus | tubelike passageway |
| notch | indentation in the border of a bone |
| sinus | recess, groove, cavity or hollow space |
| sulcus | furrow or trench |
Created by:
caitlinticzon
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