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Chp 6-Cardiovascular
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aorta | Largest artery of the body; vessel through which oxygenated blood exits the heart |
| Arteriole | A tiny artery connecting to a capillary |
| Artery | A thick-walled blood vessel that, in systemic circulation, carries oxygenated blood away from the heart |
| Atrioventricular bundle | bundle of fibers in the interventricular septum that transfers charges in the hearts conduction system; also called the bundle of His |
| Atrium | Either of the two upper chambers of the heart |
| blood | essential fluid made up of plasma and other elements that circulates throughout the body; delivers nutrients to and removes waste from the body's cells |
| blood pressure | measure of the force of blood surging against the walls of the arteries |
| bundle of His | same as atrioventricular bundle |
| capillary | the smallest blood vessel that forms the exchange point between the arterial and venous vessels |
| carbon dioxide | waste material transported in the venous blood |
| carotid artery | artery that transports oxygenated blood to the head and neck |
| diastole | Relaxation phase of a heartbeat |
| Ductus arteriosus | Structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetus's nonfunctioning lungs |
| endocardium | membranous lining of the chambers and valves of the heart; the innermost layer of heart tissue |
| femoral artery | an artery that supplies blood to the thigh |
| heart | muscular organ that receives blood from the veins and sends it into the arteries |
| inferior vena cava | large vein that draws blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium |
| left atrium | upper left heart chamber |
| left ventricle | lower left heart chamber |
| myocardium | muscular layer of heart tissue between the epicardium and the endocardium |
| popliteal artery | an artery that supplies blood to the cells of the area behind the knee |
| pulmonary artery | one of two arteries that carry blood that is low in oxygen from the heart to the lungs |
| Purkine fibers | specialized fibers that conduct the charge |
| pulmonary vein | one of four veins that bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium |
| pulse | rhythmic expansion and contraction of a blood vessel, usually an artery |
| right atrium | upper right chamber of the heart |
| right ventricle | lower right chamber of the heart |
| septum | partition between the left and right chambers of the heart |
| sinus rhythm | normal heart rhythm |
| superior vena cava | large vein that transports blood collected from the upper part of the body to the heart |
| systole | contraction phase of the heartbeat |
| ventricle | either of the two lower chambers of the heart |
| angi(o) | blood vessel |
| aort(o) | aorta |
| arteri(o) | artery |
| ather(o) | fatty matter |
| atri(o) | atrium |
| cardi(o) | heart |
| phleb(o) | vein |
| Ven(o) | vein |
| aden(o) | gland |
| ech(o) | sound |
| hem(o) | blood |
| electr(o) | electric |
| AMI | acute myocardial infarction |
| AV | atrioventricular |
| BP | blood pressure |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
| CAD | coronary artery disease |
| CHD | coronary heart disease |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
| CVD | cardiovascular disease |
| DSA | digital subtraction angiography |
| DVT | deep venous thrombosis |
| arteriography | viewing of a specific artery by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium |
| auscultation | process of listening to body sounds via a stethoscope |
| cholesterol | fatty substance present in animal fats; cholesterol circulates in the bloodstream , sometimes causing arterial plaque to form |
| doppler ultrasound | ultrasound test of blood flow in certain blood vessels |
| echocardiography | use of sound waves to produce images showing the stucture and motion of the heart |
| holter monitor | portable device that provides a 24 hour electrocardiogram |
| phlebography | viewing of a vein by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium |
| sonography | production of images based on the echoes of sound waves against structures |
| sphygmomanometer | device for measuring blood pressure |
| stress test | test that measures heart rate, blood pressure, and other body functions while the patient is exercising on a treadmill |
| aneurysm | ballooning of the artery wall caused by weakness in the wall |
| angina pectoris | chest pain, usually caused by a lowered oxygen or blood supply to the heart |
| aortic regurgitation | backward flow or leakage of blood through a faulty aortic valve |
| arrhythmia | irregularity in the rhythm of the heartbeat |
| asystole | cardiac arrest |
| atheroma | a fatty deposit (plaque) in the wall of an artery |
| bradycardia | heart rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute |
| cardiac arrest | sudden stopping of the heart; also called asystole |
| claudication | limping caused by inadequate blood supply during activity; usually subsides during rest |
| congestive heart failure | inability of the heart to pump enough blood out during the cardiac cycle; collection of fluid in the lungs results |
| coronary artery disease | condition that reduces the flow of blood and nutrients through the arteries of the heart |
| cyanosis | bluish or purplish coloration, as of the skin, caused by inadequate oxygenation of the blood. |
| deep vein thrombosis | formation of a thrombus (clot) in a deep vein, such as a femoral vein |
| dysrhythmia | abnormal heart rhythm |
| fibrillation | random, chaotic, irregualr heart rhythm |
| flutter | regular but very rapid heartbeat |
| gallop | triple sound of a heartbeat, usually indicative of serious heart disease |
| hemorrhoids | varicose condition of veins in the anal region |
| hypertension | chronic condition with blood pressure greater than 140/90 |
| hypotension | chronic condition with blood pressure below normal |
| infarct | area of necrosis caused by a sudden drop in the supply of arerial or venous blood |
| ischemia | localized blood insufficiency caused by an obstruction |
| mitral stenosis | abnormal narrowing at the opening of the mitral valve |
| murmur | soft heart humming sound heard between normal beats |
| myocardial infarction | sudden drop in the supply of blood to an area of the heart muscle, usually due to a blockage in a coronary artery |
| occlusion | the closing of a blood vessel |
| perfusion deficit | lack of flow through a blood vessel, usually caused by an occlusion |
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
| pulmonary edema | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs |
| rub | frictional sound heard between heartbeats, usually indicating a percardial murmur |
| tachycardia | heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute |
| thrombus | stationary blood clot in the cardiovascular system, usually formed from matter found in the blood |
| varicose | dilated, enlarged, or twisted wein, usually on the leg |
| angioplasty | opening of a blocked blood vessel, as by balloon dilation |
| arteriotomy | surgical incision into an artery, especially to remove a clot |
| balloon catheter dilation | insertion of a balloon catheter into a blood vessel to open the passage so blood can flow freely |
| bypass | a structure (usually a vein graft) that creates a new passage for blood to flow from one artery to another artery or port of an artery; used to create a detour around blockages in arteries |
| embolectomy | surgical removal of an embolus |
| endarterectomy | surgical removal of the diseased portion of teh lining of an artery |
| graft | any tissue or organ implanted to replace or mend damaged areas |
| stent | surgically implanted device used to hold something (as a blood vessel) open |
| thrombectomy | surgical removal of a thrombus |
| venipuncture | small puncture into a vein, usually to draw blood or inject a solution |
| antianginal | agent used to relieve or prevent attacks of angina |
| antiarrhythmic | agent used to help normalize cardiac rhythm |
| anticoagulant | agent that prevents the formation of dangerous clots |
| antihypertensive | agent that helps control high blood pressure |
| beta blocker | agent that lowers blood pressure by reducing contraction strength of the heart muscle; slows heartbeat |
| diuretic | medication that promotes the excretion fo urine |
| thrombolytic | agent that dissolves a thrombus |
| vasoconstrictor | agent that narrows the blood vessel |
| vasodilator | agent that dilates or widens the blood vessels |
Created by:
ambervail
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