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anatomy4022
physiology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Cytology | Study of cell |
Cytosol | Intracellular fluid |
Organelle | "little organs" structures that preform special functions for cell |
Diffusion | Movement of materials from higher to lower concentration (even out) |
Facilitated Diffusion | Diffusion with help of a protein channel |
Passive Transport | No energy needed 1)Diffusion 2) Osmosis 3) Facilitated Diffusion |
Active Transport | Used ATP energy |
Osmosis | Diffusion of water to where there is more stuff (solute) |
Hypotonic | Water moves in Cell swells Less stuff in water |
Isotonic | Cell Maintains balance |
Hypertonic | Water moves out Cell Shrivels More stuff in water |
Hemolysis | Bursting red blood cells from being hypotonic |
Phagocytosis | Cell eating (uses/needs energy) |
Exocytosis | Sending materials out, exit (uses/needs energy) |
Chromosomes | Coiled DNA 23 pairs |
Gene | |
Transcription | DNA is copied to make mRNA |
Translation | Information from mRNA is used to make protein with help of tRNA |
Messenger RNA | [mRNA] Copies |
Transfer RNA | [tRNA] Moves |
Somatic Cells | All cells in body aside from set cells |
Apoptosis | Genetically programed cell death Cell suicide |
Tumor | A mass of swelling made by abnormal cell growth and division |
Cancer | Illness from effects of malignant cells |
Microvilli | Surface projections increase surface area for absorption |
Flagellum | Moves cells through fluid (sperm) |
Cilia | Move fluids across cell surface (lungs, nose, thought) |
Ribosomes | Proteins factories |
Lysosomes | Cleaners (janitors) |
Mitochondria | Energy Make ATP (power plant) |
Nuclear Pores | Allows movement of materials in and out (not DNA) |
Cell Theory | 1)Basic building blocks of all anilmals and plants 2)Smallest units of life 3)Products of cell division 4)Basic units homeostasis for the organism |
Cell Membrane [Functions] | -Physical isolation -Regulation exchange of materials -Sensitive: receptors allow cell to recognize and respond to specific molecules in environment -Support |
Selectively Permeable | Chooses what can pass through based on: -Size -Electrical Charge -Shape -Lipid Solubility |