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Biomechanics
Ch 2 basic kinematic concepts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Translation | all parts of a body travel the same distance, same direction, same time |
| rectilinear translation | straight line translation |
| curvilinear translation | curved line translation |
| angular (rotation) motion | all parts of the body, move along a parts of the body, circular path about the same point called the axis of rotation, so that all parts travel through the same angle, in the same direction, in the same time. |
| General motion | a combination of translation and rotation - most movements are difficult to classify into pure translation or rotation. |
| Superior (cranial) | Closer to the head |
| Inferior (caudal) | Farther from the head |
| Anterior | towards front of the body |
| Posterior | towards back of the body |
| Medial | closer to the mid-line |
| Lateral | away from the mid-line |
| proximal | closer to the trunk |
| Distal | further from the trunk |
| Palmer | palm side of hand |
| Plantar | sole of foot |
| Dorsal | back of hand/ top of foot |
| Frontal plane | splits body into front and back |
| Sagittal plane | splits body into right and left |
| Transverse plane | splits body into top and bottom |
| Flexion | Decreasing joint angle |
| Extension | Increasing joint angle |
| Hyperextension | movement of the joint angle beyond anatomical position in opposite direction of flexion |
| Plantar flextion | Top of the foot away from tibia |
| Dorsiflexion | Top of the foot towards tibia |
| ABduction | movement away from mid-line |
| ADduction | movement towards mid-line |
| Lateral flexion (head and trunk) | movement of the head, neck and trunk to the left or right |
| Elevation | upwards motion |
| Depression | downward motion |
| Inversion | sole of the foot inwards (medially) |
| Eversion | sole of the foot outwards (laterally) |
| Horizontal AB/ADduction | moving away and towards the midline respectively, in the transverse plane |
| Medial rotation | rotation towards the mid-line |
| Lateral rotation | rotation away from the mid-line |
| Pronation | rotation of forearm/hand towards the mid-line |
| Supination | rotation of forearm/hand away from the mid-line |
| Left/Right rotation | head, neck, and trunk |
| Protraction | movement forward |
| Retraction | movement backwards |
| Circumduction | distal end of limb moves in a circle while the proximal end is stable. |
Created by:
rmart11
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