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GI diseases

Diseases of the Esophagus and Stomach

QuestionAnswer
Name and describe the two types of gastritis? Erosive (noxious irritants, serious illness) and nonerosive (infectious, gastric mucosal atrophy)
What is the leading cause of ulcers not caused by NSAIDS? Infection wtih Helicobacter pylori
What is the effect of H. pylori on the gastric wall? H. pylori colonizes deep layers of mucosa and disrupts protective properties of mucus
What layers of the stomach wall are involved in acute erosive gastritis? Superficial erosions of the mucosa and some bleeding from the submucosa
What is the pathogenesis of Acute erosive gastritis? NSAIDS, alcohol, acute stress, viral infections, radiation
What is the pathogenesis of nonerosive gastritis? Infection, atrophy, hemmorhage
What is the relationship between gastric atrophy and pernicious anemia? loss of production of intrinsic factor needed to make and absorb Vit B12
What are the protective mechanisms of the GI tract? mucus, bicarb, blood flow
What is the presentation of gastritis? burning epigastric pain, with possible radiation to the back
What is the pain pattern over time of gastritis? Relieved with food, returns 1-5 hrs after eating.
What is the term for bright red blood in the stool? hematochezia
What is the term for black tarry stools? melena
What is the term for vomiting blood? hematemesis
What is the presentation for chronic upper GI bleeding? melena/hematochezia, hematemesis, dizziness, dyspepsia, wt loss
What are two forms of acute upper GI bleed? Mallory-Weiss tear, esophageal varices/rupture (more common in alcoholics)
Define Mallory-Weiss tear laceration of distal esophagus and proximal stomach during vomiting, retching or hiccuping
Created by: suec56
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