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Study Questions
Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| prone | lying face down on the abdomen |
| a change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentiation | anaplasia |
| any abnormal development of tissues or organs (disordered formation) | dysplasia |
| new and abnormal development of cells that may be benign or malignant | neoplasia |
| the study of cells | cytology |
| the body cavity that contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs | pelvic |
| the body cavity that contains the brain | cranial |
| medical scientist who specializes in the study of tissues | hystoligist |
| the vertebrae that make up the bones of the neck | cervical |
| a disease in which the bones become abnormally soft due to a deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the blood | osteomalacia |
| bones that are longer than they are wide and have distinctive shaped ends - such as the femur | long bones |
| a flat, circular, plate like structure of cartilage that cushions (absorbs shock) between the vertebrae | intervertebral disk |
| a hollow or concave depression in a bone | fossa |
| the large bony process located below the neck of the femur | trochanter |
| abnormal -out-ward curvature of spine, known as humpback or hunchback | kyphosis |
| abnormal in-ward curvature of spine - known as swayback | lordosis |
| medical term for lateral (side-ward) curvature of spine | scoliosis |
| layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone | epiphyseal line |
| supination | turning the palm up or forward |
| pronation | turning the palm down or backward |
| rotation | movement that involves the turning of a bone on its own axia |
| adduction | toward the midline of the body |
| abduction | away from the midline of the body |
| extension | straightening motion - increases the angle between two bones |
| flexion | bending motion - decreases the angle between two bones |
| dorsiflexion | foot is bent backward, or upward at the ankle - narrows the angle between the leg and the tip of the foot... |
| plantar flexion | foot is bent downward and the ankle with the toes pointing downward - increases the angle between the leg and top of foot |
| circumduction | movement of extremity around in a circular motion |
| hinge joint | joint that allows movement in one direction - a back and forth motion |
| joint cavity | the space between two connecting bones |
| articulation | the point at which two bones come together; a joint |
| arthralgia | joint pain |
| articular cartilage | thin layer of cartilage protecting and covering the connecting surfaces of the bones |
| photosensitivity | increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight |
| malaise | a vague feeling of weakness |
| ligaments | connective tissue bands that join bone to bone - offering support to the joint |
| sciatica | inflammation of the sciatic nerve |
| synovial fluid | a thick lubricating fluid located in a synovial joint |
| fascia | thing sheets of fibrous connective tissue covering a muscle |
| insurtion | the point of attachment of a muscle to the none it moves |
| synapse | the "space" between two nerves - over which the impulse must cross |
| syncope | fainting |
| paresthesia | sensation of numbness or tingling |
| occlusion | blockage |
| neuritis | inflammation of a nerve |
| lethargy | sluggish, stupor |
| hemiparesis | paralysis - half of body (right or left) |
| fissure | a deep grove on the surface of an organ |
| a small hollow within the brain filled with CSF | ventricle |
| controls body temperature, sleep and appetite | hypothalamus |
| stemlike portion of the brain that connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord | brain stem |
| contains the cardiac, vasomotor and respiratory centers of the brain | medulla oblongata |
| the weblike, middle layer of the meninges | arachnoid |
| located between the cerebrum and the midbrain - consists of the thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal gland | diencephalon |
| controls consciousness, memory, sensations etc... | cerebrum |
| acts as a bridge to connect the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum to the upper potions of the brain | pons |
| outermost layer of the meninges | dura mater |
| abnormally slow movement | bradykinesia |
| difficult speech | dysphasia |
| a type of headache often preceded by an aura | migraine |
| the study of the nervous system | neurology |
| medical term for headache | cephalalgia |
| the most rapidly growing glioma, comprising 20% of all intracranial tumors | glioblastoma nultiforme |
| collection of arterial blood located above the dura mater and just below the skull | epidural hematoma |
| stridor | harsh sound during respiration; high pitched and resembling the blowing of wind (due to obstruction of air passages) |
| tachypnea | abnormal rapidity of breathing |
| a condition of decreased hemoglobin in the blood - to levels below normal (hemoglobin provides oxygen) | anemia |
| clotting cells | thrombocytes |
| systole | the contraction phase of the hearbeat - forcing blood into the aorta |
| diastole | the period of relaxation of the heart - alternating with the contraction phase known as systole |
| claudication | cramplike pains in the calves of the legs - caused by poor circulation |
| ascites | abnormal collection of fluid within the peritoneal cavity |
| analgesic | pertaining to pain releif |
| aplastic | without development |
| hypercapnia | increased amount of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hypoxemia | insufficient oxygen of arterial blood |
| hemoptysis | spitting blood |
| epistaxis | nose bleed |
| dysphonia | difficulty in speaking; hoarseness |
| apnea | temporary cessation of breathing - "without breathing" |
| mastication | chewing |
| deglutition | swallowing |
| papillae | rough elevations on tounge |
| the outermost layer of the skin | epidermis |
| basal layer (skin) | deepest layer (of the 5 layers) of epidermis |
| dermis | inner, thinner layer of skin (also known as corium) |
| stretch marks or striae | linear tears in the dermis |
| cerumen | ear wax |
| open comedo | whitehead (acne vulgaris) |
| closed comedo | blackhead (acne vulgaris) |
| epithelium | tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body |
| erythema | redness of the skin due to capillary dilation |
| erythremia | abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells (polycythemia vera) |
| histamine | substance (found in all cells) released in allergic inflammatory reactions |
| heparin | natural anticoagulant produced by the body tissues - heparin is also produced in labs. |
| integumentary system | the body system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands |
| furuncle | a localized pus-producing infection - deep in a hair folicle; a boil |
| gangrene | death of a tissue |
| macule | small, flat discoloration of skin that is neither raised nor depressed |
| nodule | small, circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin |
| onycholysis | separation of a fingernail from its bed |
| onychomycosis | fungal infection of the nails |
| papule | small, solid, circumscribed elevation on the skin |
| pediculosis | infestation with lice |
| petechia | small, pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin |
| pimple | a papule or pustule of the skin |
| polyp | small, stalk like growth - protrudes upward or outward from mucous membrane surface |
| pruritus | itching |
| sudoriferous gland | sweat gland |
| hirsutism | excessive body hair (in women) |
| exfoliation | peeling or slothing off of tissues |
| ecchymosis | bruise (blue-ish / black discoloration of skin) |
| cellulitis | infection of skin (acute) - subcutaneous layer |
| callus | a common (usually painless) thickening of the epidermis - @ sites of pressure or friction |
| dermatitis | inflammation of the skin |
| debridement | removal of debris - foreign object, damaged or necrotic tissue from wound... to prevent infection & promote healing |
| rash or wheals, intense pruitus and the presence of louse eggs on skin | pediculosis |
| skin tumors with irregular surfaces, uneven borders and variable colors - originating from melanocytes | melonoma |
| contagious skin infection - serous vesicles and pustules filled w/millions of staph or strep bacteria | impetigo |
| escharotomy | incision made into the eschar w/scalpel or electrocautery - for relief of tightness in a person w/a burn |
| curettage | scraping away abnormal tissue |
| process of placing tissue on a recipient site taken from a donor site | skin graft |
| the most common malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue | basal cell carcinoma |
| an inflammation, sore or ulcer on skin - over a bony prominence | decubitus |
| bulla | a large blister |
| scales | thin flakes of hardened epithelium that are shed from the epidermis |
| ulcer | a circumscribed open sore or lesion of the skin - accompanied by inflammation |
| a fat cell | lipocyte |
| lunula | crescent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail |
| osteoblast | immature bone cell - that actively produce bony tissue |
| osteoclast | large cells that digest or absorb old bone tissue |
| osteocytes | mature bone cells - living cells that continue to maintain the bone (without producing new bone tissue) |
| ossification | the conversion of the fibrous connective tissue & cartilage into bone (or bony substance) |
| diaphsis | main shaft portion of a long bone |
| epiphysis | located @ each end of a long bone |
| sinus | an opening or hollow space in a bone |
| foramen | a hole within a bone that allows blood vessels or nerves to pass through |
| condyle | a knuckle-like projection @ the end of a bone (usually fits into a fossa - of another bone to form a joint) |
| acetabulum | hip joint |
| false ribs | rib pairs 8 thru 10 (connect vertebrae in the back - but not to the sternum in the front...) b/c they join the 7th rib in the front |
| floating ribs | rib pairs 11 and 12. which connect to the vertebrae in the back - but are free of any attachment in the front |
| fontanelle or fontanel | space between the bones of infants cranium "soft spot" |
| subluxation | an incomplete dislocation (of a bone from the joint) |
| sutures | immovable joints - such as those of the cranium |
| true ribs | the first seven pairs of ribs - which connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front |
| tubercle | |
| crest | a distinct border or ridge; an upper, elevated edge |
| fossa | a hollow or shallow concave depression in a bone |
| neck | a constricted or narrow section that connects with the head |
| uninuclear | a cell having one nucleus |
| hyperlipemia | an excessive or above normal level of blood fats |
| hypoxemia | less than normal blood oxygen level |
| hypoglycemia | less than normal blood sugar |
| multipara | to bear many children |
| polyarthritis | inflammation of many joints |
| polyuria | the excretion of much urine (large amount) |
| antecubital | the space in front of the elbow |
| circumoral | around the mouth |
| descend | to come down from |
| ectopic | outside of its normal location |
| endocervical | pertaining to the inner lining of the cervix |
| epigastric | upon the stomach |
| extract | to remove a tooth from (away from) the oral cavity |
| exogenous | originating outside the body |
| extrahepatic | outside the liver |
| hypoglossal | under the tounge |
| intubate | to insert a tube inside (into) an organ or body cavity |
| infrapatellar | below the knee |
| intercostal | between the ribs |
| intravenous | within a vein |
| juxta-articular | pertaining to a location near a joint |
| mesoderm | the middle of the three layers of the skin |
| paracervical | near or beside the cervix |
| perianal | around the anus |
| precordial | the region of the chest wall - in front of the heart |
| prognosis | knowledge before hand |
| reactive | to make active again |
| retroflexion | an abnormal position of an organ in which the organ is tilted backward |
| sublingual | under the tounge |
| suprapubic | above or over the pubic area |
| transurethral | across, or through the urethra |
| cirrhosis | chronic degenerative disease of the liver with resultant "yellowness" of the liver and of the skin |
| chlorophyll | green pigment in plants that accomplishes photosynthesis |
| cyanoderma | slightly bluish, grayish slate like or dark discoloration of the skin |
| eosinophil | bilobed leukocyte that stains a red, rosy color with and acid dye |
| albino | person who has deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin - has abnormally white skin |
| albinism | absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes |
| means weak, lacking normal muscle tone | flaccid |
| de-oxygenated blood enters which atrium | right |
| another name for fever | pyrexia |
| the middle, muscular layer of the heart | myocardium |
| red blood cells, biconcave shaped disks that are thinner in the center than around the edges are also called | erythrocytes |
| abnormal growth of new tissue that serves no useful purpose? | neoplasm |
| abnormal presence of blood in the urine | hematuria |
| a darkened vertical mid line appearing on the abdomen of a pregnant woman | linea nigra |
| part of the nervous system that provides voluntary control over skeletal muscle contractions | somatic nervous system |
| metri | uterus |
| endometrium | the inner lining of the uterus |
| hysterosalpingography | x ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes - injecting contrast |
| primi (first) - primigravida | woman who is pregnant for the first time |
| primipara | woman who has given birth for the first time |
| nulligravida | woman who has never been pregnant |
| nullipara | never "completed" a pregnancy beyone 20 wks |
| insufficient oxygenation of blood | hypoxemia |
| dyspnea | air hunger; difficult breathing |
| algesia | sensitivity to pain |
| analgesia | without sensitivity to pain |
| agraphia | inability to convert ones thoughts into writing |
| afferent nerves | transmits nerve impulses to the CNS; also known as sensory nerves |
| ataxia | without muscular coordination |
| cerebral concussion | a brief interruption of brain function - usually with loss of consciousness lasting for a few seconds |
| dysphasia | difficult speech |
| dyslexia | lexia=reading |
| tomy | incision into |
| esthesia | feeling, sensation |
| paresis - plegia | paralysis |
| radiculotomy | surgical resection of a spinal nerve root (procedure performed for pain...) |
| laminectomy | surgical removal of the bony arches from one or more vertebrae - to relieve pressure on spinal cord |
| electromyography (EMG) | recording the electrical activity of muscle - inserting a small needle into the muscle and delivering a small current to stimulate the muscle |
| electroencephalography (EEG) | measure electrical activity produced by the brain (electrodes on scalp) |
| sputum... mucoid | resembling mucus |
| sputum... mucopurulent | containing mucus and pus |
| sputum... purulent | containing pus |
| sputum... serous | resembling serum; containing a thin, watery fluid |
| dys phonia | difficulty in speaking; hoarseness |
| epistaxis | nose bleed |
| hemoptysis | spitting blood |
| hypercapnia | increased amount of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hypoxia | deficiency of oxygen |
| kussmaul respirations | very deep, grasping type of respiration - associated w/severe diabetic acidosis |
| orthopnea | difficult breathing in any position except erect sitting or standing |
| pleural rub | "friction rub" heard on auscultation - caused by inflammation of the pleural space |
| rales | sound heard on auscultation - known as crackles |
| rhonchi | heard on auscultation - rattling noise - resembles snoring.. load, coarse, rattling sounds |
| wheeze | a whistling sound - resulting from narrowing of the lumen of respiratory passageway |
| emphysema | chronic pulmonary disease - increased air spaces either from dilation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls (beyond the normal size...) |
| pneumothorax | collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity.... air enters as the result of a perforation through the chest wall or pleura, causing the lung to collapse |
| pulmonary edema | accumulation of fluid in the lungs - the most common cause is congestive heart failure.. |
| centesis | surgical puncture (thoracentesis..) a needle passed through skin and chest wall into the pleural space... |
| also known as the voice box | larynx |
| emaciation | leanness.. caused by disease or lack of nutrition |
| dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
| aphagia | loss of ability to swallow |
| dyspepsia | epigastric discomfort after eating - fullness, heartburn, bloating and nausea |
| emesis | vomit |
| eructation | burp, belch |
| flatus; flatulence | gas or air |
| gastroesophageal reflux | backflow of the stomach content - result of incompetence of the esophageal sphincter |
| icterus, jaundice | a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes and sclera of the eyes -caused by large amounts of billirubin in the blood |
| melena | abnormal black tarry stool containing digested blood |
| pruritus ani | itching of the skin around the anus |
| steatorrhea | greater than normal amounts of fat in the feces - frothy, foul smelling fecal matter |
| celiac disease | nutrient malabsorption due to damaged small bowel mucosa |
| esophageal varices | swollen, twisted veins located in the distal end of the esophagus |
| hepatitis | acute or chronic inflammation of the liver |
| ileus | a term used to describe an obstruction of the intestine |
| adenoma | a glandular tumor |
| aden/o (gland) adenopathy (pathy = disease) | a disease of a gland characterized by enlargement |
| adreno cortical (=cortex) | pertaining to the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| acromegaly | (acr/o = extremities) chronic metabolic condition - enlargement and elongation of the bones of the face, jaw, and extremities - over secretion of the pituitary gland after puberty |
| epinephrine | a hormone produced by the adrnal medulla - increasing heart rate and releasing glucose into the bloodstream - also dilating the bronchioles |
| myx | relating to mucus |
| corti | cortex |
| acr | extremities |
| aden | gland |
| thyr | thyroid gland |
| natr | sodium |
| radius | thumb side |
| tibia | big toe side |
| point of elbow | olecranon |
| verruca | wart |
| Ewings Sarcoma | malignant tumor of the bones - common to young adults (boys) |
| ligaments | hold bones together |
| tendons | attach muscle to bone |
| neurapraxia | nerve bruised |
| afferent (sensory | nerve cells that carry impulses from body to CNS |
| efferent (motor) | carry impulses from CNS to body - (ie.. causing organs to DO something) |
| AP = anterioposterior | beam goes from front to back |
| PA - posterioroanterior | beam goes from back to front |
| supine/dorsal/recumbent | Face up |
| Prone | Face down |
| Oblique | slanted or partially turned |
| kal/i | potassium.... hyperkalemia = elevated blood potassium level |
| glyc/o | sugar.... hyperglycemia = elevated blood sugar level |
| calc/o | calcium.... hypercalcemia = elevated blood calcium level |
| natr/i | sodium.... hypernatremia = elevated blood sodium level |
| tetany | severe cramping (contraction) and twitching of the muscles = complication of hypocalcemia = low levels of calcium |
| virilism | the development ofmasculine physical traits in the female (ie.. growth of facial and body hair, deep voice etc...) |
| hemoglobin A1C test (HbA1c) | blood test that shows the average level of glucose in blood during the past 3 months (ie.. glucose binds chemically to the hemoglobin molecules in the red blood cells) poorly controlled level may be 8 or higher... |
| endocrinology | study of the endocrine system |
| adenopathy | disease of a gland |
| thyroid gland hyperplasia | goiter |
| unnatural protruding of the eyes | exophthalmos |
| results in low levels of calcium in the blood | hypoparathyroidism |
| occurs when large doses of glucocorticoids are given over a period of time | cushings syndrome |
| results in demineralization in the bones | hypercalcemia |
| conjunctiva | thin, transparent tissue that covers the outer surface of the eye |
| white of eye | sclera |
| the ability of the lens (of the eye) to focus on objects @ various distances is known as; | accommodation |
| the impulses from the retina are transmitted through _______ where they are interpreted as vision | optic nerve |
| emmetropia | the state of normal vision |
| entropin | eyelid turning inward |
| esotropia | inward turning of one eye - in relation to the other |
| exotropia | outward turning on one eye - in relation to the other |
| blepharospasm | twitching of the eyelid muscles |
| blepharoptosis | drooping of the upper eyelid |
| biomicroscopy | ophthalmic examination of the eye - use of a slit lamp & magnifying lens; also known as slit-lamp exam |
| aphakia | absence of the lens of the eye |
| anisocorla | in-equal diameter of the pupils of eyes |
| ametropia | error of refraction - causing eye not to focus |
| ophthalmologist | medical doctor who specializes in the coar of the eyes & visual system |
| optician (not a doctor) | specializes in filling prescriptions for corrective lenses |
| papilledema | swelling of the optic disc |
| pupillary | pertaining to the pupil of the eye |
| sclerectomy | excision or removal of a portion of the sclera of the eye |
| palpebr/o | eyelid |
| ptosis | drooping or prolapse |
| scot/o | darkness |
| cor | pupil |
| ton | tension |
| vitre/o | glassy |
| xer | dry |
| chalazion | a cyst or nodule on the eyelid |
| exophthalmia | protrusion of the eyeball(s) |
| hordeolum | stye |
| hyperopia | refractive error (farsightedness) |
| macular degeneration | progressive deterioration of the retinal cells in the macula - due to aging (ARMD) |
| presbyopia | refractive error (occurring after the age of 40) presby = old |
| myopia | refractive error (nearsightedness) |
| nyctalopia | inadequate vision at night (reduction in the synthesis of rhodopsin - in the rods of the retina that enables the eye to adjust to low-density light.... |
| strabismus | failure of the eyes to gaze in the same direction (weakness in the muscles controlling the position of one eye...) |
| covergent stabismus | crosseye |
| divergent strabismus | walleye |
| extracapsular cataract | surgical removal of the lens capsule & lens - insertion of an intraocular lens implant |
| phacoemulsification | removing a lens by using ultrasound vibrations to "split up" the lens material - into tiny particles that are suctioned out of eye |
| innitus | ringing in the ears |
| vertigo | sensation of spinning around or of having things in the room spin |
| IDS | Integrated delivery system (ie.. a pt is seen in the ED at a hospital(part of the IDS) after collapsing @ home.. after tests - it was determined that the pt had a stroke. The Dr (who is a member of the IDS admits the pt to the hospital) |
| ACO | Accountable Care Organization - defined by CMS as “groups of doctors, hospitals, and other healthcare providers, who come together voluntarily to give |
| Hospitals | “Acute care” facilities that provide services to patients who have serious, sudden acute injuries or illnesses. |
| Critical Access Hospitals | These hospitals are located more than 35 miles from any other hospital and are certified as being a necessary provider of care to the residents in the area. |
| Specialty Hospitals | providing care to a particular population such as burn patients, children, or cancer treatment |
| Rehabilitation Hospitals | Specialty hospitals devoted to rehabilitation of patients with various neurological, musculoskeletal and other conditions following stabilization of their acute illness |
| Behavioral Health Hospitals | specialize in treatment of individuals with mental health diagnoses |
| Teaching Hospitals | Teaching hospitals are attached to a medical school to train medical students and nurses. |
| Ambulatory Care | Outpatient Care |
| Home Care | Assessment and monitoring of illness, Intravenous (IV) medication administration, Wound care |
| Hospice care | comprehensive medical and supportive care to terminally ill patients and their families - providing comfort rather than curative care (therapeutic treatment) |
| Long-Term Care | skilled nursing facilities (nursing homes); residential care facilities, hospice and adult day-care programs. Characteristically, the length of stay is greater than 30 days |
| attending physician | means the physician who has been selected by or assigned to the patient and who has assumed primary responsibility for treatment and care of the patient |
| Hospitalists | are physicians trained in internal medicine who specialize in taking care of hospitalized patients |
| consulting physician | An attending physician may ask another physician for their professional advice. |
| OPPS | outpatient prospective payment system |
| hypertrophy | enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or part |
| hyperplasia | increase in the number of cells in a tissue |
| bougie (ie.. sounds like boo - g) | slender, flexible cylindrical instrument for tubular organ such as urethra or esophagus (usually to dilate or constrict areas) |
| gastrotomy | incision into the stomach |
| atresia | congenital absence or closure of a normal body orifice or tubular organ |
| enterostomy | the creation of an opening into the intestine thru the abdominal wall |
| parastomal hernia | a hernia in the abdominal wall adjacent to a constructed stoma |
| hemodynamic | movement of blood -> and the pressures being exerted in the veins, arteries and chambers of the heart |
| ventriculography | radiography of ventricle of heart after injection of contrast medium; radiography of the head after removal of cerebrospinal fluid & replacement of air or contrast... |
| Swan-Ganz catheter (type of catheter.. soft, flow directed) - used for monitoring | pulmonary artery catheter of the balloon-tip type; it is introduced into vein via - internal jugular or subclavian and is guided by blood flow into the superior vena cava, the right atrium and ventricle, and into the pulmonary artery. |
| opacification (opaque..) | 1. development of opacity (cornea or lens) 2. rendering of a tissue or organ opaque to radiation by introduction of contrast medium |
| athroplasty | surgical creation of a new joint - or the insertion of an artificial joint |
| osteotomy | the surgical cutting of a bone - or removal of a piece of bone. |
| intramedullary | 1. within the spinal cord 2. within the medulla oblongata 3. within the marrow cavity of a bone |
| exostosis | bone spur - (also called osteoma) a benign overgrowth of a pre-existing bone |
| osteoplasty | plastic surgery of the bones |
| synostosis | union of bones that are normally distinct |
| pseudarthrosis | deossification of a weight-bearing long bone (pathologic) followed by bending and pathologic fracture |
| epiphysiodesis | premature fusion of an epiphysis to arrest growth |
| fasciotomy | Incision through a fascia; used in the treatment of certain disorders / injuries when marked swelling is present or anticipated |
| free graft | a graft transplanted without its nourishing blood supply; must undergo revascularization from the recipient bed. |
| ad·ju·vant | A treatment that enhances an existing medical regimen, as a pharmacological agent added to a drug to increase or aid its effect: a substance which enhances the body's immune response to an antigen |
| rhinotomy (rhi·not·o·my) | incision into the nose |
| nasoantrostomy (nazo-an-tros´t-me | surgical formation of a nasoantral window for drainage of an obstructed maxillary sinus. |
| sinusotomy (sinus + tomy) | incision into a sinus |
| antrostomy | making an opening into an antrum for purposes of drainage |
| ethmoidectomy | excision of the ethmoid cells or of a portion of the ethmoid bone |
| frenum | a fold of membrane that checks restrains the motion of a part.... as in the fold on the underside of the tongue (frenoplasty...) |
| alveolectomy | is a surgical dental procedure that aims to remove some or all of the alveolar bone that surrounds a tooth and change the shape and surface of the jawbone to prepare it for subsequent procedures. |
| gastrectomy | is the surgical removal of all or part of the stomach |
| Pyloroplasty | surgical alteration of the pylorus, usually a widening to facilitate the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum |
| esophagectomy | An operation to remove a portion of or an entire esophagus |
| cholangiopancreatography | The endoscope is advanced into the duodenum, the biliary tract , and contrast medium is injected to visualize portions of the biliary tree (ie.. common bile duct, Rt & Lt hepatic duct, cystic duct and gallbladder) |
| vagotomy | surgical cutting of the vagus nerve to reduce acid secretion in the stomach |
| cholangiography | radiography of the biliary ducts after administration or injection of a contrast medium |
| fulguration | destruction of living tissue by electric sparks generated by a high frequency current |
| conization | the removal of a cone of tissue, as in biopsy (also called a cone biopsy...) |
| myoma | a benign tumor made up of muscular element |
| craniosynostosis | Premature fusion of the suture joints of the skull, usually occurring before birth and leading to a severe skull deformity. The condition can be caused by a mutation of the gene for a fibroblast growth factor receptor. |
| crainotomy | surgical opening of the skull (ie... brain tumor removal, to remove blood clot or control hemorrhage, inspect the brain, perform a biopsy, or relieve pressure inside the skull) |
| myelography | radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium |
| cisternography | radiography of the basal cistern of the brain after subarachnoid injection of a contrast medium. |
| sialography (ie... sigh l o graphy) | An X-ray image of the duct of a salivary gland after injection of a radio-opaque liquid contrast medium |
| selective catheter placement | placed into a branch off the aorta or access vessel. each of these vessels arising FROM the aorta (or access vessel) represents different vascular families... code to where the "tip" of the catheter is placed (but not the wire..) -> ie stent plcment etc. |
| non-selective catheter placement | a catheter that remains in the accessed vessel or that has made it into the aorta which is still considered non-selective... if the catheter is advanced into another "branch" off the access vessel - that is selective |
| empyema | condition in which pus collects in the pleural space, which is the area between your lungs and the inner surface of your chest wall. |
| thoractomy | Thoracotomy is the process of making of an incision (cut) into the chest wall |
| tophus | (gout) A nodular mass of uric acid crystals - tophi form most often around the joints in cartilage, bone, bursae, and subcutaneous tissue and in the external ear, producing a chronic, foreign-body inflammatory response. |
| osteomyelitis | refers to a bone infection, almost always caused by a bacteria; an infectious, usually painful inflammatory disease of bone that is often of bacterial origin and may result in death of bone tissue |
| dehiscence | means that the two sides of a surgical site have come apart |
| pericardium | encloses the heart (like a bag) viseral, parietal |
| pericardial cavity | contains fluid for the heart to "float" in -> reducing friction |
| Wall of heart -> epicardium | outer layer, reduces friction |
| Wall of heart -> myocardium | middle layer, mostly cardiac muscle |
| Wall of heart -> endocardium | inner layer, blood vessels and purkinje fibers |
| ICD "other" or NEC means______ | Provider more specific than code set (provider was more specific than the code set is....) |
| ICD "Unspecified" or NOS means _______ | provider is Not specific (the provider was vague and the code set is more specific...) |
| ankylosis | stiffness or fixation of a joint by disease or surgery |
| osteotomy | a surgical operation in which a bone is divided or a piece of bone is excised |
| volvulus | strangulation of the bowel |
| what type of hernia can be corrected by manipulation | reducible |
| suffix that means to rupture | rrhexis |
| ostectomy | the excision of a bone or a portion of a bone |
| synovectomy | removal of the joint lining |
| Valsalva maneuver | attempting to forcibly exhale while keeping the mouth and nose closed. ie... It is used as a diagnostic tool to evaluate the condition of the heart and is sometimes done as a treatment to correct abnormal heart rhythms or relieve chest pain |
| colporrhaphy | the operation of suturing the vagina (also to restore structure) |
| rectocele | hernial protrusion of part of the rectum into the vagina |
| suppurative | discharging pus |
| LeFort fracture | A fracture usually involving more than one of the facial bones: maxillary, nasal, orbital, and/or zygomatic. |
| atresia | Absence of a normal opening or narrowing... or failure of a structure to be tubular (ie..esophageal atresia - part of the esophagus is not hollow - anal atresia - there is no hole at the bottom end of the intestine) |
Created by:
Calender726
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