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Digestion and Respir
Digestion and Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alimentary Canal | Gastrointestinal tract |
| 3 Exocrine salivary glands | Parotid, submandibular and sublingual |
| Parotid | Largest exocrine salivary gland. |
| Mastication | Chewing |
| Bolus | Roundish mass, especially of chewed food |
| Deglutition | Swallowing |
| Mandible | Lower jaw |
| Maxillae | Upper jaw |
| Lingual | Pertaining to the tongue |
| Saliva | Starts digestion of starch/carbohydrates |
| Esophagus | Muscular tube from pharynx to stomach |
| Pharynx | Throat |
| Peristalsis | Involuntary muscle contractions |
| Peptic ulsers | Sores in stomach lining |
| Duodenum | Upper small intestine |
| Diaphragm | Muscle between chest and abdomen |
| Heartburn | Regurgitation of gastric juices into the esophagus |
| Hiatal hernia | Protrusion of a part of a a structure through the tissues normally containing it |
| GERD | Gastroesophagal reflux disease |
| Inguinal hernia | Groin area hernia. Abdominal contents hernia through a weak point in abdominal wall |
| Chyme | semi-fluid mass of food, converted by gastric secretion, passes from stomach to small intestine |
| Villi | Fingerlike projections on the mucus membrane of the small intestine. Latin for shaggy hair |
| Bile | Secreted by liver. Aids in absorption and digestion of fat. |
| Gall bladder | Sac attached by ducts to liver, in which bile is stored and concentrated |
| Colon | Absorbs water and eliminates products of digestion |
| Diverticula | Small pouches found in sigmoid area of colon |
| Diverticulitis | Inflammation of diverticula |
| Cecum | Beginning of large intestine |
| Type 1 diabetes | Immune system kills insulin producing cells of the pancreas |
| Type 2 diabetes | Insulin insensitivity -- body needs to make extra insulin. sugar in blood increases. |
| Retinopathy | Eye disease |
| Hypoglycemia | Low blood sugar |
| Coma | Unconsciousness |
| Hyperglycemia | High blood sugar. Both hypo and hyperglycemia can lead to coma |
| Solute | Substance dissolved in solution |
| Solvent | Substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution |
| Concentration gradient | Difference in concentration in two areas |
| Diffusion | Tendency to form uniform distribution |
| Ion | Electrically charged atom or molecule |
| Sodium Ion | Na+ |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water |
| Respiration = Pulmonary ventilation | O2 from air, return CO2 |
| Conchae | Bone tissue in nasal cavity |
| Larynx | Voice box |
| Trachea | Wind pipe |
| Cartilage | Keeps trachea and adjacent bronchial tubes open |
| Cilia | Motile, hair-like extension of cells |
| Upper respiratory system | Mouth and throat |
| Epiglottis | Protects trachea from food/liquid |
| Bronchus | Any of the major air passages of the lungs that diverge from the trachea |
| Lower airway system | First 20 divisions |
| Alveoli | Bronchioli less than 1mm, microscopic air sacks |
| Diaphragm | Sheet of muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity |
| Brain stem | Automatically controls breathing |
| Emphysema | Chronic disease difficulty in breathing |
| Asthma (bronchial) | Narrowing of airwaves. Caused by spasm, edema, or mucus in the lumen |
| Lumen | the canal of a tubular organ |
| Dyspnea | "ill" "breath" difficulty breathing pnea = breath |
| Sleep Apnea | Absence of breathing caused by upper airway obstruction during sleep |
| Recovery position | 3/4 prone position |
| Prone | Face down |
| Supine | Face up |
| Patent | Open |
| Pharynx | Throat |
| Passive regurgitation | Stomach contents collecting in the throat (question) |
| Aspiration pnemonia | Stomach acid collecting in throat flows into lungs and attacks inner lining |
| Concentration | Amount of dissolved substance per unit of volume |
Created by:
Casita
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