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CHAPTER 4
Ms.Cabreras WHOLE BODY TERMINOLOGY
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| SMALLEST, MOST NUMEROUS STRUCTURAL UNIT | CELLS |
| GROUPS OF SIMILAR CELLS | TISSUES |
| TISSUES ARRANGED TOGETHER TO PERFORM A PARTICULAR FUNCTION | ORGANS |
| ORGANIZATION OF DIFFERENT ORGANS TO PERFORM FUNCTIONS OF THE WHOLE BODY | BODY SYSTEMS |
| THE 3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUES AND THEIR LOCATIONS | SKELETAL(ATTACHED TO BONE), SMOOTH(IN WALLS OF HOLLOW INTERNAL ORGANS), AND CARDIAC (MUSCULAR WALL OF HEART) |
| THE STUDY(SCIENCE) OF THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF THE BODY AND ITS ORGANS | ANATOMY |
| THE STUDY OF (SCIENCE) THE FUNCTION OF CELLS, TISSUES, AND ORGANS OF THE BODY. | PHYSIOLOGY |
| CONDITION THAT EXISTS WHEN THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IS FUNCTIONING PROPERLY AND ALL THE ORGANS AND TISSUES OF THE BODY ARE PERFORMING THEIR APPROPRIATE TASKS. | HOMEOSTASIS |
| THE STUDY OF MECHANISMS BY WHICH THE DISEASE OCCURS, THE RESPONSE TO THE DISEASE PROCESS AND THE EFFECTS OF BOTH ON NORMAL FUNCTION | PATHOPHYSIOLOGY |
| STUDY OF STRUCTURES THAT CAN BE INSPECTED WITH THE NAKED EYE | GROSS ANATOMY |
| CYTOLOGY | THE STUDY OF CELLS |
| HISTOLOGY | THE STUDY OF TISSUES |
| WHAT ARE ANATOMICAL POSITIONS USED FOR? | TO DESCRIBE THE EXACT LOCATION WHEN CHARTING, THE BODY IS DIVIDED INTO IMAGINARY LINES. |
| THE ANATOMICAL POSITION | WHEN THE PATIENT IS STANDING ERECT WITH THE ARMS DOWN AT THE SIDES AND THE PALMS OF THE HANDS FACING FORWARDS. |
| DIVIDES THE BODY INTO UNEQUAL RIGHT AND LEFT HALVES | SAGITTAL PLANE |
| DIVIDES THE BODY INTO EQUAL RIGHT AND LEFT HALVES | MIDSAGITTAL |
| DIVIDES THE BODY INTO UPPER AND LOWER HALVES | TRANSVERSE PLANE |
| DIVIDES THE BODY INTO FRONT AND BACK | FRONTAL OR CORONAL PLANE |
| TOWARDS THE MIDLINE | MEDIAL |
| AWAY FROM THE MIDLINE | LATERAL |
| NEAREST POINT OF ATTACHMENT | PROXIMAL |
| FARTHEST FROM POINT OF ATTACHMENT | DISTAL |
| ABOVE(TRANSVERSE PLANE) | SUPERIOR |
| BELOW(TRANSVERSE PLANE) | INFERIOR |
| TOWARDS THE HEAD | CRANIAL |
| TOWARDS THE FEET | CAUDAL |
| CAVITY TOWARD THE BACK THAT CONTAINS THE SPINAL, AND CRANIAL CAVITIES | POSTERIOR/DORSAL |
| THORACIC CAVITY | CONTAINS THE HEART, AORTA, LUNGS, TRACHEA, AND ESOPHAGUS |
| CAVITY TOWARDS THE FRONT THAT CONTAINS THORACIC, ABDOMINAL, AND PELVIC CAVITIES | ANTERIOR/VENTRAL |
| HOUSES THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS | PELVIC CAVITY |
| 3 SMALL ADDITIONAL CAVITIES | BUCCAL(MOUTH), NASAL(NOSE), ORBITAL(EYE). |
| DIVIDES THE ANTERIOR CAVITY INTO UPPER THORACIC CAVITY AND A LOWER ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY | DIAPHRAGM |
| CERVICAL SPINAL COLUMN | C1-C7 |
| THORACIC SPINAL COLUMN | T1-T12 |
| LUMBAR SPINAL COLUMN | L1-L5 |
| SACRUM SPINAL COLUMN | 5 BONES THAT FUSE INTO 1 |
| COCCYX SPINAL COLUMN | 4 BONES FUSED INTO 1 |
| 2 WAYS TO DIVIDE THE SECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN | QUADRANTS AND REGIONS. |
| TOP 3 REGIONS OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY | HYPOCHONDRIAC, EPIGASTRIC, HYPOCHONDRIAC |
| MIDDLE 3 REGIONS OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY | LUMBAR REGION, UMBILICAL REGION, LUMBAR REGION |
| BOTTOM 3 REGIONS OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY | ILIAC, HYPOGASTRIC, ILIAC |
| THE 4 QUADRANTS | (URQ) UPPER RIGHT QUAD, (ULQ) UPPER LEFT QUAD, (LRQ) LOWER RIGHT QUAD, (LLQ) LOWER LEFT QUAD. |
| EPIGASTRIC | ABOVE THE STOMACH |
| LATERAL | ON SIDE |
| SUPINE | LAYING FACING UPWARD |
| MEDIOLATERAL | PERTAINING TO MIDLINE OF STRUCTURE. |
| PRONE | LAYING FACE DOWN |
| SUPERFICIAL | PERTAINING TO THE SURFACE OF THE BODY, OR NEAR THE SURFACE. |
| DORSAL | PERTAINING TO THE BACK/POSTERIOR |
| NEW AND ABNORMAL DEVELOPMENT OF CELLS THAT MAY BE BENIGN OR MALIGNANT | NEOPLASIA |
| A DEVELOPMENTAL FAILURE RESULTING IN THE ABSENCE OF ANY ORGAN OR TISSUE | APLASIA |
| AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CELLS OF A BODY PART | HYPERPLASIA |
| PERTAINING TO THE SOLE OR BOTTOM OF FEET | PLANTAR |
| 2 NAMES FOR BELLYBUTTON | NAVEL, UMBILICUS |
| A CHANGE IN THE STRUCTURE AND ORIENTATION OF CELLS, CHARACTERIZED BY A LOSS OF DIFFERENTIATION TO A MORE PRIMITIVE FORM | ANAPLASIA |
| ANY ABNORMAL DEVELOPMENT OF TISSUES | DYSPLASIA |
| INCOMPLETE OR UNDERDEVELOPED ORGAN OR TISSUE, USUALLY THE RESULT OF A DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CELLS | HYPOPLASIA |
| VISCAL | PERTAINING TO INTERNAL ORGANS |
| ABDOMINAL CAVITY CONTAINS... | STOMACH, LIVER, SPLEEN, INTESTINES, KIDNEYS, GALLBLADDER, PANCREAS |
| THORACIC CAVITY CONTAINS... | LUNGS,HEART, AORTA, ESOPHAGUS, AND TRACHEA( WINDPIPE) |
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Kayla41799
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