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Pre-Ad Anatomy 1
For quiz 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Zygote | One Fertilized egg |
| Embryo | The early stages of growth of a Zygote, to the 8th week of pregnancy |
| Fetus | The term used from two months after conception to birth. Biologically no clear defining feature to distinguish embryo from fetus. |
| Cells | The basic structural and functional units of the body. All cells can be grouped into 4 main types of tissues (Epithelium, Muscle Tissue, Nervous System and Connective Tissue). Happens after 200 cells |
| Tissues | A group of similar cells |
| Organs | More complex structures, consist of several tissue types (all four?) |
| Systems | Organs that share a common purpose. eg Endocrine system |
| Endocrine System | The system of glands, each of which secretes different types of hormones directly into the bloodstream to maintain homeostasis. |
| Homeostasis | The tendency of a living organism to keep the conditions inside it (internal environment) the same despite any changes in the environment around it. |
| Hormones | Substances released from endocrine glands into the bloodstream where they travel to target tissue and generate a response |
| Epithelium | Provides a covering for most of the external surfaces of the body |
| Epi | Prefix meaning above, on, over, nearby, upon; outer |
| Avascular | Epithelium is avascular, without blood vescles |
| Epidermis | The outermost layer of skin. |
| Stratified squamous epithelium | Forms the outer layer of the epidermis.Stratified means layered and squamous means flat. |
| Muscle-Tissue/Muscle Fibre | Muscle tissue has the ability to contract (shorten) and bring about movement in various parts of the body. A muscle cell is also called muscle fibre because it is long and thin. |
| Neurons | (aka nerve cells). These are cells that conduct electrical signals These signals are also referred to as action potentials |
| Glial cells | Provide structural and functional support for the neurons |
| Connective Tissue | Compared to the other tissue types, all connective tissues have a relatively large amount of non-living intercellular substances called matrix |
| Matrix | Non-living intercellular substances |
| Collagen | A fibrous, insoluble protein that is an important part of the connective issue matrix and is produced by cells called fibroblasts |
| Fibroblasts | Produce Collagen |
| Specialized types of connective tissue: Collagen, cartilage, bones and blood | |
| Cartilage | Is a connective tissue that is made up of chondrocytes and matrix. |
| Chondrocytes (Spell it). | Cartilage cells |
| Blood | Blood contains cells in a liquid matrix called plasma which is mostly water. |
| Plasma | A liquid matrix in blood |
| Matrix | Is non-living intercellular substances. |
| Connective tissue | Has more matrix than other tissue types. More matrix than cells. |
| Collagen | Is a fibrous, insoluble protein. Part of the connective tissue matrix. Produced by cells called fibroblasts. |
| Fibroblasts | Produce collagen |
| Action Potentials | Electrical Signals from nerve cells. |
| Endoskeleton | Internal support structure. Bone and cartilage |
| Exoskeleton | external skeleton |
| Bone | Osseous tissue. A hard vascular connective tissue. cells in mineralized matrix whose collagen fibers are impregnated with calcium |
| Osteoblast | a bone-forming cell |
| Osteoclast | Phagocyte. Remobes calcium to rebuild |
| Phagocyte | Cell that injests foreign particles |
Created by:
Casita
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