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Cardio Reverse Defs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| heart | A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood through the arteries, capillaries, and veins |
| shunt | A passage between two blood vessels or between two sides of the heart |
| ateriole | A small artery |
| venule | A small vein |
| tricuspid valve | A valve with three cusps, located between the right atrium and right ventricle, which allows blood to pass into the right ventricle |
| bicuspid valve | A valve with two cusps, through which blood passes from the left atrium to the left ventricle. Also known as the mitral valve |
| vein | A vessel that carries deoxygenated blood to the heart from the body organs and tissues |
| artery | A vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to body tissues and organs |
| thrombosis | Abnormal condition of a blood clot in the blood vessel which obstructs it at the site of its formation |
| diuretics | Act on kidneys to increase excretion of water and sodium |
| aortography | Angiography of the aorta and its branches after injection of a contrast medium |
| coronary angiography | Angiography that is used to determine the degree of stenosis or obstruction of the arteries that supply blood to the heart |
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography (PTCA) | Angioplasty of the coronary arteries in which a balloon catheter is inserted through the skin into the right femoral artery and threaded to the site of the stenosis to enlarge the lumen of the artery and restore forward blood flow |
| coronary artery disease (CAD) | Any disease which alters the ability of the coronary artery to deliver the amount of blood that is required by the heart muscle |
| angioplasty | Any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels and restores forward blood flow |
| bradycardia | Arrhythmia in which the heart beats abnormally slowly, usually fewer than 60 beats per minute in a resting adult |
| tachycardia | Arrhythmia in which there is a fast but regular rhythm, with the heart possibly beating up to 200 beats/minute |
| fibrillation | Arrhythmia in which there is an abnormally rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or the ventricles |
| heart block | Arrhythmia in which there is interference with the normal transmission of electric impulses from the SA node to the Purkinje fibers |
| regurgitation | Backflow or ejecting of contents through an opening |
| calcium channel blockers | Block movement of calcium into myocardial cells and arterial walls, causing heart rate and blood pressure to decrease |
| beta blockers | Block the effect of adrenaline on beta receptors, which slow nerve pulses that pass through the heart, thereby causing a decrease heart rate |
| deep vein thrombosis (DVT) | Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially those in the legs or thighs; also called deep venous thrombosis |
| cardiac enzyme studies | Blood test that measures the presence and amount of cardiac enzymes in the blood including troponin T, troponin I, and creatine kinase |
| pulmonary artery | Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs |
| pulmonary vein | Carries oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs |
| right atrium | Chamber which collects deoxygenated blood from the body |
| right ventricle | Chamber which pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs |
| left atrium | Chamber which receives oxygenated blood from the lungs |
| left ventricle | Chamber which pumped oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta |
| sphincter | Circular muscle found in a tubular structure or hollow organ that constricts or dilates to regulate passage of substances through its opening |
| varicose veins | Condition which develops when the valves of the veins are damaged. Characterized by enlarged veins and edema of the surrounding tissues |
| embolism | Condition in which a mass (commonly called a blood clot) becomes lodged in a blood vessel, obstructing blood flow |
| cardioversion | Defibrillation technique using low energy shocks to treat an arrhythmia, and is usually synchronized with the large R waves of the ECG complex to restore normal heart rhythm |
| thrombolysis | Destruction of a blood clot using anticlotting agents called clot-busters, such as tissue plasminogen activator |
| necrosis | Destruction of tissue |
| dyspnea | Difficult breathing |
| nitrates | Dilate blood vessels of the heart, causing an increase in the amount of oxygen delivered to the myocardium, and decrease venous return and arterial resistance, which decreases myocardial oxygen demand and relieves angina |
| cardiomyopathy | Disease or weakening of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function |
| stress test | ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions |
| Holter monitor test | ECG taken with a small, portable recording system capable of storing up to 48 hours of ECG tracings, also called event monitor test |
| defibrillation | Electrical shock delivered randomly during the cardiac cycle to treat emergency life-threatening arrhythmias |
| hypertension (HTN) | Elevated blood pressure persistently higher than 140/90 mm Hg |
| cardiomegaly | Enlargement of the heart |
| hyperlipidemia | Excessive amounts of lipids in the blood |
| Purkinje fibers | Extend up the walls of the ventricles and transmit electrical impulses to both ventricles, causing them to contract |
| congestive heart failure (CHF) | Failure of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the tissues and organs |
| pericardium | Fibrous sac which envloses the heart |
| leaflet | Flat, leaf-shaped structure that comprises the valves of the heart and prevents backflow of blood |
| atherosclerosis | Form of ateriosclerosis characterized by the deposit of plaques containing cholesterol and lipids that narrows the lumen in the arteries |
| ateriosclerosis | Hardening and narrowing of an artery along with the loss of its elasticity |
| ultrasound (US) | High-frequency sound waves are directed at soft tissue and reflected as "echoes" to produce an image on a monitor of an internal body structure; also called ultrasound, sonography, and echo |
| conductive tissue | Highly specialized cardiac tissue which initiates and continues contraction impulses |
| automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) | Implantation of a battery powered device that monitors and automatically corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by sending electrical impulses to the heart in patients who are at risk of sudden cardiac death |
| insufficidency | Inability of valves to close properly |
| valvotomy | Incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening; used in treating mitral stenosis |
| phlebitits | Inflammation of a deep or superficial vein of the arms or legs |
| thrombophlebitis | Inflammation of a vein wall, which may cause clots to form |
| carditis | Inflammation of the heart |
| sclerotherapy | Injection of a chemical irritant into a vein to produce inflammation and fibrosis that destroys the lumen of the vein |
| phlebitis | Inflammation of a vein |
| endocardium | Innermost layer of the heart |
| sphygmomanometer | Instrument for measuring blood pressure |
| arrhythmia | Irregularity in the rate of rhythm of the heart; also called dysrhythmia |
| inferior vena |
Created by:
Jessica Longboat
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