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Kinns Chapter 7
Medicine & Law
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abandonment | To withdraw protection or support; in medicine, to discontinue medical care without proper notice after accepting a patient. |
| act | The formal action of a legislative body; a decision or determination of a sovereign state, legislative council, or court of justice. |
| allegation | A statement by a party to a legal action of what the party undertakes to prove; an assertion made without proof. |
| appel | A legal proceeding by which a case is brought before a higher court for review of the decision of a lower court. |
| appellate | Having the power to review the judgement of another tribunal or body of jurisdiction, such as appellate court. |
| arbitration | The hearing and determination of a cause in controversy by a person or persons either chosen by the parties involved or appointed under statutory authority. |
| arbitrator | A neutral person chosen to settle differences between parties in a controversy. |
| assualt | An international, unlawful attempt of bodily injury to another by force. |
| assent | express approval or agreement, typically officially. |
| bailiff | An officer of some U. S. courts who usually serves as a messenger or usher, who keeps order at the request of the judge. |
| battery | A willful and unlawful use of force or violence on the person of another. |
| Code of Federal Regulations CFR | A coded delineation of the rules and regulations published in the Federal Register by the various departments and agencies of the federal government. The CFR is divided into 50 titles that represent broad subject areas and chapters that provide specific d |
| concurrently | occurring at the same time |
| contributory negligence | Statutes in some states that may prevent a party from recovering some damages if he or she contributed in any way to the injury or condition. |
| damages | Loss or harm resulting from injury to person, property, or reputation; compensation in money imposed by law for losses or injuries. |
| decedent | A legal term for a deceased person. |
| defendent | A person required to answer in a legal action or suit; in criminal cases, the person accused of a crime. |
| docket | A formal record of judicial proceedings; a list of legal cases to be tried |
| due process | A fundamental constitutional guarantee that all legal proceedings will be fair; that one will be given notice of the proceedings and given an opportunity to be heard before the government acts to take away life, liberty, or property; a constitutional guar |
| emancipated minor | A person under legal age who is selfsupporting and living apart from parents or a guardian; a mature minor considered by the courts to possess a sufficient understanding of self-care and responsibility. |
| expert witnesses | People who provide testimony to a court as experts in certain fields or subjects to verify facts presented by one or both sides in a lawsuit, often compensated and used to refute or disprove the claims of one party. |
| felony | A major crime, such as murder, rape, or burglary; punishable by a more stringent sentence than that given for a misdemeanor. |
| fine | A sum imposed as punishment for an offense; a forfeiture or penalty paid to an injured party or the government in a civil or criminal action. |
| guardian ad item | Legal representative for a minor. |
| implied concent | Presumed consent, such as when a patient offers an arm for a phlebotomy procedure. |
| informed concent | A consent, usually written, which states understanding of what treatment is to be undertaken and of the risks involved, why it should be done, and alternative methods of treatment available (including no treatment) and their attendant risks. |
| infractions | Breaking the law; minor offenses against the rules, usually punishable by fines. |
| judicial | Of or relating to a judgment, the function of judging, the administration of justice, or the judiciary. |
| jurisdiction | A power constitutionally conferred on a judge or magistrate to decide cases according to law and to carry sentence into execution; jurisdiction is original when it is conferred on the court in the first instance, called original jurisdiction; or it is app |
| jurisprudence | The science or philosophy of law; a system or body of law or the course of court decisions. |
| law | A binding custom or practice of a community; a rule of conduct or action prescribed or formally recognized as binding or enforceable by a controlling authority. |
| liable | Obligated according to law or equity; responsible for an act or circumstance. |
| libel | A written defamatory statement or representation that conveys an unjustly unfavorable impression. |
| litigious | Prone to engage in lawsuits. |
| manifestation | Something that is easily understood or recognized by the mind. |
| misdemeanor | A minor crime, as opposed to a felony, punishable by fine or imprisonment in a city or county jail rather than in a penitentiary. |
| municipal | courts Courts that sit in some cities and larger towns and that usually have civil and criminal jurisdiction over cases arising within the municipality. |
| negligence | Failure to exercise the care a prudent person usually exercises; implies inattention to one's duty or business; implies want of due or necessary diligence or care. |
| ordinance | Authoritative decree or direction; law set forth by a governmental authority, specifically, municipal regulation. |
| other potentially infectious materials | Substances or materials other than blood that have the potential to carry infectious pathogens, such as body fluid, urine, semen, and others. |
| perjured testimony | The voluntary violation of an oath or vow either by swearing to what is untrue or by omission to do what has been promised under oath; false testimony. |
| physician office laboratories | Laboratories owned by a private physician or corporation, such as the laboratory inside a physician's office or a freestanding laboratory. |
| plantiff | The person or group bringing a case or legal action to court. |
| precedence | To surpass in rank, dignity, or importrance; to be, go, or come ahead or in front of. |
| precedents | A person or thing that serves as a model; something done or said that may serve as an example or rule to authorize or justify a subsequent act of the same kind. |
| preponderance of the evidence | Evidence of greater weight or more convincing than the evidence offered in opposition to it; evidence that as a whole shows that the fact sought to be proven is more probable than not. |
| prudent | Marked by wisdom or judiciousness; shrewd in the management of practical affairs. |
| reasonable doubt | Doubt based on reason and arising from evidence or lack of evidence; it is not doubt that is imagined or conjured up, but doubt that would cause reasonable persons to hesitate before acting. |
| reciprocity | The mutual exchange of privileges; a recognition of one state or institution of the licenses or privileges granted by the other. |
| recource | A turning to something or someone for help or protection |
| relevant | Having significant and demonstrable bearing on the matter at hand. |
| respondent | The person required to make answer in a civil legal action or suit; similar to a defendant in a criminal trial. |
| slander | Oral defamation; a harmful, false statement made about another person. |
| statues | Laws enacted by the legislative branch of a government. |
| stipulate | To specify as a condition or requirement of an agreement or offer; to make an agreement or covenant to do or forbear from doing something. |
| subpoena | A write or document commanding a person to appear in court under a penalty for failure to appear. |
| subpoena duces tecum | A legally binding request to appear in court and provide records or documents that pertain to a particular case. |
| testimoney | A solemn declaration usually made orally by a witness under oath in response to interrogation by a lawyer or authorized public official. |
| Uniform Commercial Code | A unified set of rules covering many business transactions; it has been adopted in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and most U. S. territories. It regulates the fields of sales of goods; commercial paper, such as checks; secured transactions in pe |
| verdict | The finding or decision of a jury on a matter submitted to it in trial. |
| quackery | The pretense of curing disease |
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