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H&P General
Pt Assessment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Extra Heart Sounds (systolic) | Heard btw S1 & S2Ejection: aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, HTNClicks: MVP |
| Extra Heart Sounds (diastolic) | opening snap of mitral stenosis; physiologic or pathologic S3; or S4 |
| pathologic S3 | caused by Myocardial failure, tricuspid or mitral regurgitation |
| S4/atrial gallop | caused by HTN, CAD, AS, cardiomyopathy, delayed AV conduction |
| Pericardial friction rub | scraping sound 3rd space LSB = inflammation of pericardial sac |
| Venous Hum | benign humming sound above clavicles = turbulence in the jugulars |
| Palpation (cardiovascular exam) | Apex; Left Sternal Border; Base; Apical Impulse; Thrill, Lift, Heave; Carotid artery |
| Common auscultation sites for bruits | Temporal; Subclavian; Carotid; Abdominal aorta; Renal/iliac/femoral |
| Acute occlusion (S/S) | paresthesia (occasionally paralysis) |
| Edema is associated with: | deep vein obstruction or valvular incompetence |
| Redness, thickening, & tenderness along a superficial vein suggests ____ | thrombophlebitis |
| Homan’s sign | Flex the knee slightly and dorsiflex the foot. Pain in the calf is a positive test |
| swelling, pain and tenderness over a vein suggests _______; confirm with _____ | DVT; Doppler ultrasound |
| Presenting problems for peripheral vascular | Leg Pain/Cramps; Dizziness; Severe Headaches; Swollen Ankles |
| visual acuity in the young | Term infants visual acuity <20/40012 months – acuity 20/50Age 4 and older – 20/30 |
| Hordeolum | stye |
| Anisocoria | difference in pupil sizes |
| expected response(s) in near reaction | pupillary constriction and convergence |
| Ear development in the young | Inner ear development in first trimesterInfants external auditory canal shorter than adultsInfants eustachian tube wider, shorter, more horizontal than adults |