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ch6 flash cards
muscular system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| skeletal muscle | muscle tissue connected to bones, striated and voluntary |
| cardiac muscle | involuntary muscle tissue only found in the heart |
| smooth muscle | muscle tissue found walls of body organs |
| contractility | the degree which muscle fibers can be shortened |
| irritability | the ability of a muscle to contract in response to stretching |
| muscle fiber | a muscle cell composed of actin and myosin |
| sriated | found in cardiac and skeletal muscle |
| voluntary | controllable movement |
| endomysium | connective tissue covering muscle fiber |
| perimysium | connective tissue covering bundles of muscle fibers |
| fascicle | bundle of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by perisium |
| epimysium | connective tissue covering the entire skeletal muscle |
| tendon | attaches muscle to bone |
| aponeuroses | layers of flat broad tendons |
| tendons | attach bone to bone |
| sarcolemma | cell membrane of striated muscle fiber cell |
| myofibril | elongated contractile threads found in muscle cells |
| sarcomere | basic unit of striated muscle tissue |
| I band (light) | part of sarcomere lighter contains thin filaments but no thick filaments |
| A band (dark) | middle area of sarcomere where thick and thin filaments are found |
| z disc/line | line formed between adjacent sarcomeres |
| h zone | region of striated muscle fiber that contains only thick myosin filaments |
| m line | attachment site for the thick filaments in a sarcomere |
| titin | large fibrous protein that connects thick myosin filaments to z discs |
| myofiliments | chains of actin and myosin |
| actin | protein that form together with myosin contractile filaments of cells |
| regulatory proteins | proteins that regulate contractile muscle by controlling the interaction of myosin and actin |
| myosin | protein that converts chemical energy in the form of atp to mechanical energy |
| myosin crossbridges | formation of myosin and actin |
| motor unit | works together to coordinate the contractions of a single muscle |
| axon | transmit information to neurons muscles and glands |
| aerobic | process of producing cellular energy involving oxygen |
| anaerobic | process of producing cellular energy without oxygen |
| glycolysis | breaks down glucose |
| lactic acid | organic compound produced when glucose is broken down |
| flexion | bending movement |
| extension | straightening movement |
| rotation | referring towards or away from center of body |
| abduction` | motion that pulls away from midline of body |
| adduction | motion that pulls toward midline of body |
| circumduction | combination of flexion extension adduction and abduction |
| dosiflexion | when the toes are brought closer to shin |
| plantar flexion | movement which decreases the angle between sole of foot and back of leg |
| inversion | movement of sole towards median plane |
| eversion | movement of sole away from median plane |
| supination | rotation of palm or sole facing psteriorly |
| antagonist | a muscle that opposes the action of another |
| synergist | muscle that act on moveable joints |
| trapezius | rotates scapula |
| serratus anterior | pulls scapula anetiorly |
| pectoralis major | adducts and flexes arm |
| occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrow |
| orbicularis oculi | closes eyelid |
| orbicularis oris | puckers the lip |
| buccinator | flattens cheeks |
| zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
| levator labii superioris | sneering muscle |
| depressor anguli oris | frowning |
| mastication | chewing |
| errector spinae | group of muscles on each side of back |
| intrinsic tongue muscles | change shape of tongue |
| extrinsic tongue muscles | move tongue |
| gluteus maximus | buttocks |
| sartorius | flexes thigh |
| hamstring | flexes leg and extends thigh |
| gastrocnemius and soleus | form calf muscle |
| achilles tendon | flex foot and toes |
| deltoid | attaches humerus to scapila and clavical |
| triceps brachii | extends forearm |
| biceps branchii | flexes forearm |
| brachialis | flexes forearm |
Created by:
leahnoble25
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