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ch. 6

QuestionAnswer
contracility shorten with force
excitability respond to a stimulus
extensibility stretched
elasticity go back to original after being stretched
epimysium connective tissue sheath around each skeletal muscle
fascia outside the epimysium, surrounds& separates muscles
perimysium loose connective tissue
muscle fasciculi visible bundles
fibers single muscle cells
endomysium connective tissue sheath surrounding fiber
myofibrils extends from one end of the fiber to the other
actin myofilaments thin myofilaments
myosin myofilaments thick myofilaments
sarcomeres highly ordered units
resting membrane potential charge difference across membrane
action potential reversal back of the charge
motor neurons nerve cells that carry action potentials
neuromuscular junction/ synapse forms when branch connects to muscle
motor unit single motor neuron
presynaptic terminal enlarged nerve terminal
synaptic cleft space between the presynaptic terminal and muscle cell
postsynaptic terminal muscle fiber
synaptic vesicles in every presynaptic terminal
acetylcholine neurotransmitter
acetylcholinesterase enzyme
sliding filament mechanism sliding of actin myofilaments
muscle twitch contraction of muscle
threshold muscle fiber contract maximally
all- or- none response threshold
lag phase beginning of contraction
contraction phase time of contraction
relaxation phase muscle relaxes
tetany the muscle remains contracted without relaxing
recruitment increase of in number of units
creatine phosphate high energy molecule
anaerobic repiration without oxygen
aerobic respiration with oxygen
oxygen debt amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions
muscle fatigue ATP is used during muscle contraction
isometric equal distance
isotonic equal tension
muscle tone constant tension produced by muscle
fast twitch fibers contract and fatigue quickly
slow twitch fibers contract more slowly
origin most stationary end of the muscle
insertion end of the muscle undergoing
belly muscle between origin and insertion
synergists muscles that work together
antagonists muscles that work in opposition to each other
prime mover accomplishing desired moevment
occipitofrontalis raises the eyebrow
orbicularis oculi closes the eyelid and creates the wrinkles next to your eye
orbicularis oris puckers the lips
buccinator flattens the cheeks
zygomaticus smiling muscle
levator labii superioris sneering
depressor anguli oris frowning
mastication chewing
intrinsic tongue muscles change the shape of tongue
extrinsic tongue muscles move the tongue
sternocleidomastoid lateral neck muscle and prime mover
erector spine group of muscles on each side of back
external intercostals elevate the ribs during inspiration
internal intercostals contract during forced expiration
diaphragm quiet breathing
linea alba tendinous area of abdominal wall
rectus abdominis on each side of the linea alba
tendinous inscriptions cross the rectus abdominis at 3 or more locations
trapezius rotates scapula
serratus anterior pulls scapula anteriorly
pectorallis major attaches the arm to the thorax
latissimus dorsi muscles attaches the arm to the thorax
pectorallis major adducts and flexes the arm
latissimus dorsi medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm
deltoid attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle
triceps brachii extends the forearm
biceps brachii flexes the forearm
brachialis flexes forearm
brachioradialis flexes and supinates the forearm
retinaculum strong band of fibrous connective tissue
flexor carpi flexes the wrist
extensor carpi extends wrist
flexor digitorum flexes the fingers
extensor digitorum extends fingers
intrinsic hand muscles 19 hand muscles
interossi abduction and adduction of fingers
gluteus maximus buttocks
quadriceps femoris extends the leg
sartorius flexes the thigh
hamstring flexes leg and extends thigh
gastrocnemius form calf muscle
intrinsic foot 20 muscles located in the foot
Created by: abigailca
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