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CH.6 Muscles.
ANATOMY STUFF
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muscle Cells | Muscle Fibers |
| Buttocks | Gluteus Maximus |
| Chest Muscle | Pectoral Muscle |
| Anterior Thigh Muscle | Quadriceps Femoris |
| Posterior Thigh Muscle | Hamstrings |
| Back Muscle | Latissimus Dorsi |
| Muscle responsible for smiling | Zygomatics |
| Muscle responsible for sneering | Levator labil superioris |
| Muscle responsible for frowning | Depressor anguli oris |
| Close the eyelid | Orbicularis oculi |
| Ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility |
| Skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability |
| Ability to be stretched | Extensibility |
| Ability to recoil to their original resting length | Elasticity |
| Four Major Function | Contractility, Excitability, Extensibility, Elasticity |
| Flattens the cheeks | Buccinator |
| Changes the shape of the tongue | Intrinsic tongue muscles |
| Moves the tongue | Extrinsic tongue muscles |
| Adenosine triphosphate | ATP |
| The connective tissue sheath surrounding each skeletal muscle | epimysium |
| The connective tissue located outside the epimysium | Fascia |
| Connective tissue surrounding fascicle | Perimysium |
| Fasciculi are composed of a single muscle cell | Fibers |
| connective tissue surrounding each fiber | Endomysium |
| Each fiber is filled with a threadlike structure that extends from one end to another | Myofibrils |
| Myofibrils consist of 2 major kinds of protein fibers | Actin myofilaments, Myosin Myofilaments |
| the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | contractility |
| skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | excitability |
| ability to be stretched | extensibility |
| ability to recoil to original resting length | elasticity |
| muscles help produce what | heat |
| sheath surrounding skeletal muscle | epimysium |
| connective tissue located outside the epimysium | fascia |
| muscle composed of numerous bundles | fasciculi |
| loose connective tissue covering fasciculi | perimysium |
| single muscle cells in fasciculi | fibers |
| each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | endomysium |
| each muscle fiber is a single cylindrical cell containing several | nuclei |
| cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with | myofibrils |
| a thread like structure the extends from one end of the fiber to another | myofibrils |
| two major kinds of protein fibers | actin myosin |
| thin myofilaments | actin |
| thick myofilaments | myosin |
| this resembles 2 minute strands of pearls twisted together | actin |
| resemble bundles of minute golf clubs | myosin |
| actin and myosin form highly ordered units | sarcomeres |
| the basic structural and functional unit of the muscle | sarcomere |
| extends from 1 z line to another z line | sarcomere |
| each z line is an attachment site for | actin |
| the arrangement of actin and myosin give a | banded appearance |
| on each side of the z line is a light area called an | I band |
| consists of actin | I band |
| darker central region in each sarcomere | a band |
| in the center of the sarcomere is another light area called | h zone |
| consists of only myosin | h zone |
| the myosin myofilaments are anchored in the center of the sarcomere at a dark staining band called | m line |
| the brief reversal back of the charge | action potential |
| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | motor neurons |
| each branch that connects to the muscle | neuromuscular junction |
| another word for neuromuscular junction | synapse |
| a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates | motor unit |
| many motor units | muscle |
| a neuromuscular junction is formed by | an enlarged nerve terminal resting in an indentation of the muscle cell membrane |
| the enlarged nerve terminal | presynaptic terminal |
| the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | synaptic cleft |
| each presynaptic terminal contains | synaptic vesicles |
| synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called | acetylcholine |
| diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptic terminal | acetylcholine |
| when sarcomeres shorten it causes the muscle to | shorten |
| a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus | muscle twitch |
| threshold level where muscle fibers will contract maximally | all-or-none response |
| time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | lag phase |
| muscle remains contracted without relaxing | tetany |
| increase in number of motor units being activated | recruitment |
| needed for muscle contraction | ATP |
| produced in the mitochondria | ATP |
| ATP degenerates to the more stable | ADP |
Created by:
parkeo123
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