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Anatomy Test

QuestionAnswer
The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force. Contractility
The ability of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus. Excitability
The ability to be stretched. Extensibility
The ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. Elasticity
Connective tissue sheath that surrounds each skeletal muscle. Epimysium
Connective tissue located outside the epimysium, surrounds/separates muscles. Fascia
Visible bundles that compose a muscle. Muscle fasciculi (fascicle)
Loose connective tissue that surrounds the fasciculi. Perimysium
Fasciculi are made up of single muscle cells called... Fibers
Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the Endomysium
The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with Myofibrils
A threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other Myofibrils
2 major types of protein fibers Actin myofilaments & myosin myofilaments
Actin myofilaments Thin, resemble two strands of pearls twisted together
Myosin myofilaments Thick, resemble bundles of golf clubs
Actin and myosin myofilaments form ordered units which are Sarcomeres
Sarcomeres are joined end to end to form the Myofibril
The basic structural & functional unit of the muscle Sarcomeres
Each sarcomere extends from One Z line to another Z line
Each Z line is an attachment site for Actin
On each side of the Z line is a light area called an I band
I bands consists of Actin
Muscle cells Muscle fibers
Buttocks Gluteus maximus
Chest muscle Pectoral muscle
Anterior thigh muscle Quadriceps femoris
Posterior thigh muscle Hamstrings
Back muscle Latissimus dorsi
Muscle responsible fro smiling Zygomaticus
Muscle responsible for sneering Levator labii superioris
Muscle responsible for frowning Depressor anguli oris
Closes the eyelid Orbicularis oculi
Puckers the mouth Orbicularis oris
Flattens the cheeks Buccinator
The most stationary part of a muscle Origin
The end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement Insertion
The portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion Belly
ATP Needed for energy for muscle contraction
ATP is produced in the Mitochondria
ATP is Short-lived & unstable
ATP degenerates to The more stable ADP, plus phosphate
When at rest muscle cells can't stockpile ATP but can store Creatine phosphate
Anaerobic respiration Without oxygen
Aerobic respiration With oxygen
Muscle fatigue results when ATP is used during the muscle contractions faster than it can be produced
2 types of muscle contractions Isometric and isotonic
Insertion The end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement
Origin The most stationary end of the muscle
Synergists Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements
Antagonists Muscles that work in opposition to one another
Occipitofrontalis Raises the eyebrows
Orbicularis oculi Closes the eyelids & causes crows feet
Orbicularis oris Puckers the lips
Buccinator Flattens the cheeks
Orbicularis oris & buccinator The kissing muscles
Zygomaticus Smiling muscles
Levator labii superioris Sneering
Depressor anguli oris Frowning
Mastication-4 pairs Chewing
Intrinsic tongue muscles Change the shape of the tongue
Extrinsic tongue muscles Move the tongue
Neck muscle Sternocleidomastoid
Frontalis Forehead
Platysma Front neck muscle
Temporalis Above ear
Masseter Jaw like
Trapezius Back neck
Cranial aponeurosis Top of head
Triceps brachii Extends the forearm
Biceps brachii Flexes the forearm
Brachialis Flexes forearm
Brachioradialis Flexes and supinates the forearm
Flexor carpi Flexes the wrist
Extensor carpi Extends the wrist
Flexor digitorium Extends the fingers
Created by: maggie33
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