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Ch.6 Skeletal Muscle
Ch.6 Skeleta lMuscle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ability to shorten with force | contractility |
| the capacity to respond to a stimulus | excitability |
| the ability to be stretched | extensibility |
| ability to recoil to the original resting length | elasticity |
| each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective sheath called | epimysium |
| another connective tissue located outside the epimysium, surrounds and separates muscle | fascia |
| muscle is composed of bundles called | fascicle |
| fascicle is surrounded by a loose connective tissue called | perimysium |
| muscle cells | fibers |
| surrounds each muscle fiber | endomysium |
| cytoplasm of each fiber | myofibrils |
| thin myofilaments. 2 strands of pearls twisted together | actin myofilaments |
| thick myofilaments. bundles of minute golf clubs | myosin myofilamentd |
| actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called | sacromeres |
| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | motor neurons |
| branch that connects to the muscle forms a | synapse |
| single motor neuron | motor unit |
| enlarged nerve terminal | presynaptic terminal |
| the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | synaptic cleft |
| secretes acetylcholine | synaptic vesicles |
| acetylcholine | movement juice |
| acetycholinesterase | non movement juice |
| contraction of an entire muscle | muscle twitch |
| a muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus to a motor neuron and beginning of a contraction | lag phase |
| muscle flexes without relaxing | tetany |
| increase in number of motor units being activated | recruitment |
| energy needed for muscle contraction, produced in mito., short lived | ATP |
| more stable energy | ADP |
| Energy when ATP is low | creatine phosphate |
| without oxygen | anaerobic respiration |
| with oxygen | aerobic respiration |
| the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions | oxygen debt |
| when ATP is used up quicker than it is being produced | muscle fatigue |
| Type of muscle contraction when you're holding a ball | isometric |
| type of muscle contraction when you throw a ball | isotonic |
| tension used to hold your head up | Muscle tone |
| muscle for sprinters and chicken breast | Fast-twitch fibers |
| muscle for long distance and chicken legs | Slow-twitch fibers |
| stationary end of the muscle | origin (head) |
| end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement | insertion |
| part of the muscle between the origin and insertion | belly |
| muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements | synergists |
| muscles that work in opposition to one another | antagonists |
| one muscle in a group of synergists that plays the major role in movement | prime mover |
| raises the eyebrows | occipitofrontalis |
| closes the eyelids and causes "crows feet" | orbicularis oculi |
| puckers the lips | orbicularis oris |
| flattens the cheek | buccinator |
| smiling muscle | zygomaticus |
| sneering | levator labii superioris |
| frowning | depressor anguli oris |
| 4 pairs of mastication muscles | 2 pairs of pterygoids, temporalis, and masseter |
| changes the shape of the tongue | intrinsic tongue muscles |
| move the tongue | extrinsic tongue muscles |
| lateral neck muscle and prime mover. rotates and adducts the head | sternocleidomastoid |
| downward sag of the mouth | platysma |
| keeps the body erect and straight | erector spinae |
| muscles that move the thorax | thoracic muscles |
| most involved in breathing | external and internal intercostals |
| elevate the ribs during inspiration | external intercostals |
| contract during forced expiration | internal intercostals |
| dome shaped, quiet breathing | diaphram |
| vertical indention from naval to pubis | linea alba |
| each side of the linea alba | rectus abdominis |
| crosses the rectus abdominis, creating sections (abs) | tendinous inscriptions |
| rotates scapula | trapezius |
| pulls scapula anteriorly (in front of) | serratus anterior |
| attatches the arm to the thorax | pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles |
| adducts and flexes the arm | pectoralis major |
| medially rotates, adducts, and extends the arm (swimmer muscles) | latissimus dorsi |
| attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavical | deltoid |
| extends the forearm (posterior) | triceps brachii |
| flexes the forearm (anterior) | biceps brachii |
| flexes forearm | brachialis |
| flexes and supinates the forearm | brachioradialis |
| flexor and extensor tendons around the wrist | retinaculum (bracelet) |
| flexes the wrist | flexor carpi |
| extends the wrist | extensor carpi |
| flexes the fingers | flexor digitorum |
| extends the fingers | extensor digitorum |
| intrinsic hand muscles | |
| responsible for abduction and adduction of the fingers, between the metacarpols | interossi |
| buttocks | gluteus maximus |
| hip muscle | gluteus medius |
| extends the leg, anterior thigh muscles | quadriceps femoris |
| flexes the thigh, tailors muscle | sartorius |
| flexes the leg and extends the thigh | hamstring |
| calf muscle | gastrocnemius and soleus |
| flex the foot and the toes | achilles tendon |
| turns the foot outwards | peroneus |
| 20 muscles in the foot | intrinsic foot muscles |
Created by:
Ashleemae
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