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Resp System- 22
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What respiratory organ separates the upper and lower respiratory tract? | Trachea |
| Paranasal sinuses drain where? | Nasal cavity |
| The pharynx contains tonsils and openings for: | Eustachian tubes |
| The voicebox is located between which two respiratory organs? | Pharynx and trachea |
| Another name for the larynx | Voice box |
| Two functions of the larynx from notes | Prevents foreign objects, food from entering trachea; composed primarily of cartilage |
| What does the epiglottis prevent? | Food from entering larynx |
| What does testosterone do when deepening the voice? | Vocal chords thicken, lengthen and the larynx to increase in size |
| How long is the trachea? | 4-5 inches (1 in. in diameter) |
| What is the purpose of the rigid cartilage of the trachea? | Prevents trachea from collapsing |
| Name of bifurcation of trachea into L and R primary bronchi | Carina |
| What is the opening between the trachea and esophagus? | Tracheoesophageal fistula (usually found in right bronchi) |
| As the bronchial tree extends deeper into the lungs, the: | Amount of cartilage decreases |
| When bronchi divide beyond tertiary, they become: | Bronchioles (contain no cartilage) |
| Bronchioles contain ___________ that allows them to change ________. | Smooth muscles; diameter |
| Bronchioles give rise to: | Aveolar ducts |
| Aveolar ducts end in: | Aveoli (small, sac-like) |
| What surrounds each aveoli? | Pulmonary capllary |
| What is the name of the collapse of Aveoli? | Atelectasis |
| Definition of pleura | Continuous serous membrane lining the lungs and the inner chest wall |
| What is the space between the visceral and parietal pleura? | Pleural cavity (intrapleural space) |
| How is serous fluid secreted in the pleural cavity and what is it's function? | Secreted by pleural membranes which then decreases friction during respiration |
| What is the excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity? | Pleural effusion |
| What do the lungs secrete to decrease the surface tension within the lungs | Surfactant |
| When a lung collapses, what happens when the arrangement of elastic fibers in lunch force air out if tension within the lung is released | Elastic Recoil |
| A child born prematurely and have not yet produced surfactant | Respiratory Distress |
| Pneumothorax defined | Puncture in the chest wall and rupture in lung |
| Compliance is the measure of: | Elastic recoil in the lungs |
| When lung compliance is decreased: | Tissue more stiff, increased level of elastic recoil, lungs have difficulty fully inflating |
| When lung compliance is increased: | Lung tissue less stiff, decreased level of elastic recoil, lungs unable to fulle expell air |
| Clinical example of increased compliance | Emphysema |
| Clinical example of decreased compliance | Pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis |
| First step of respiration | Ventilation |
| Second step of respiration | Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Third step of respiration | Transpot of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood |
Created by:
CBaney
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