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ch.6 medical terms

medical terms

QuestionAnswer
foramen hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass
fontanelle or fontanel space between the bones of an infants cranium; "soft spot"
floating ribs rib pairs 11 and 12, which connect to the vertebrae in the back but are free of any attachment in the front
flat bones bones that are broad and thin with flat or curved surfaces, such as the sternum
fissure a groove or depression in a bone; a sulcus
false ribs rib pairs 8 through 10, which connect to the vertebrae in the back but not to the sternum in the front because they join the 7th rib in the front
epiphysis the end of a bone
eiphyseal line a layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis of a bone; also known as the epiphyseal plate
diaphysis main shaftlike portion of a bone
crest distinct border or ridge; as in iliac crest
condyle knucklelike projection at the end of a bone
compact bone hard outer shell of the bone
cervical vertebrae vertebrae or bones of the neck; C1 through C7
cancellous bone spongy bone, not as dense as compact bone
bone processes projections or outgrowth of bones
bone markings specific features of individual bones
bone depressions concave, indented areas or openings in bones
articular cartilage thin layer of cartilage that covers the ends of the long bones and the surfaces of the joints
fossa hollow or concave depression in a bone
haversian canals system of small canals within compact bone that contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves
hematopoiesis the normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow
intercostal spaces spaces between the ribs
intervertebral disc a flat, circular platelike structure of cartilage that serves as a cushion (or shock absorber) between the vertebrae
long bones bones that are longer then they are wide and with distinctive shaped ends, such as the femur
lumbar vertebrae the vertebrae of the lower back, L1 through L5
medullary cavity the center portion of the shaft of a long bone containing the yellow marrow
ossification the conversion and fibrous connective tissue to bone, the formation of bone
osteoblasts immature bone cells that activity produce bony tissue
osteoclasts large cells that absorb or digest old bone tissue
osteocytes mature bone cells
periosteum the thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a long bone
red bone marrow the soft, semi fluid substance located in the small spaces of cancellous bone that is the source of blood cell production
resorption the process of removing or digesting old bone tissue
sesamoid bones irregular bones embedded in tendons near a joint, as in the kneecap
short bones bones that are about as long as they are wide and somewhat box-shapped, such as the wrist bone
sinus an opening or hollow space in a bone, a cavity within a bone
spine a sharp projection from the surface of a bone, similar to a crest
stenosis an abnormal condition characterized by a narrowing or restriction of an opening or passageway in a body structure
sulcus a groove or depression in a bone, a fissure
sutures immovable joints, such as as those of the cranium
thoracic vertebrae the 12 vertebrae of the chest, T1 through T12
trabeculae needlelike bony spicules with cancellous bone that contribute to the spongy appearance. Their distribution along lines of stress adds to the strength of the bone
trochanter large bony process located below the neck of the femur
true ribs the first seven pairs of ribs, which connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front
tubercle a small rounded process of a bone
tuberosity an elevated, broad, rounded process of a bone
yellow marrow located in the diaphysis of long bones, yellow marrow consists of fatty tissue and is inactive in the formation of blood cells
vertebral foramen a large opening in the center of each vertebra that serves as a passageway for the spinal cord
Created by: Courtneey
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