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Med Term II/ P Mylin
Digestive System
Question | Answer |
---|---|
or/o | mouth |
stomat/o | mouth |
gloss/o | tongue |
lingu/o | tongue |
bucc/o | cheek |
cheil/o | lip |
labi/o | lip |
dent/o | teeth |
odont/o | teeth |
gingiv/o | gum(s) |
sial/o | saliva, salivary gland |
esophag/o | esophagus |
pharyng/o | pharynx (throat) |
gastr/o | stomach |
pylor/o | pylorus |
duoden/o | duodenum (first part of small intestine) |
enter/o | intestine (usually small intestine) |
jejun/o | jejunum (second part of small intestine) |
ile/o | ileum (third part of small intestine) |
append/o | appendix |
appendic/o | appendix |
col/o ; colon/o | colon |
sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |
rect/o | rectum |
proct/o | anus,rectum |
an/o | anus |
hepat/o | liver |
pancreat/o | pancreas |
cholangi/o | bile vessel |
cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
choledoch/o | bile duct |
-emesis | vomiting |
-iasis | abnormal condition (produced by something specified) |
-megaly | enlargement |
-orexia | appetite |
-pepsia | digestion |
-phagia | swallowing, eating |
-prandial | meal |
-rrhea | discharge, flow |
dia- | through, across |
peri- | around |
sub- | under, below |
Lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat | anorexia |
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen | ascites |
Physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass; commonly associated with AIDS and cancer. | cachexia |
Presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct. | cholelithiasis |
Spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ especially in the colon, accompanied by pain | colic |
Chronic inflammation, usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract; also called regional enteritis | Crohn disease |
Act of swallowing | deglutition |
Epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion. | dyspepsia |
Inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphagia | dysphagia |
Backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the interior portion of the esophagus | gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) |
Offensive, or "bad," breath | halitosis |
Vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus | hematemesis |
Passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices | melena |
Excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body's skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20 percent or more above ideal body weight. | obesity |
Body mass indes (BMI) of 40 or greater, which is generally 100 or more pounds over ideal body weight. | morbid obesity |
Severe constipation; may be caused by an intestinal obstruction. | obstipation |
Progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body; especially the GI tract | peristalsis |
Backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach | regurgitation |
Visual examination of a cavity or canal using a flexible fiberoptic instrument called an endoscope | endoscopy |
Endoscpoy of the esophagus (esophagoscopy), stomach (gastroscopy), and duodenum (duodenoscopy) | upper GI |
Endoscopy of the colon (colonoscopy), sigmoid colon (sigmoidoscopy), and rectum and anal canal (proctoscopy) | lower GI |
Applying a substance called guaiac to a stool sample to detect presence of occult (hidden) blood in the feces; also called Hemoccult (trade name of a modified guaiac test) | stool guaiac |
Radiographic examination of the rectum and colon following enema administration of barium sulfate (contrast medium) into the rectum; also called lower GI series | barium enema (BE) |
Endoscopic procedure that provides radiographic visualization of the bile and pancreatic ducts to identify partial or total obstructions, as well as stones, cysts, and tumors. | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) |
Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis | biopsy (bx) |
Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another | anastomosis |
Counteract or neutralize acidity, usually in the stomach | antacids |
Control loose stools and relieve diarrhea by absorbing excess water in the bowel or slowing peristalsis in the intestinal tract | antidiarrheals |
Control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to the vomiting center of the brain | antiemetics |
Decrease gastrointestinal (GI) spasms by slowing peristalsis and motility throughout the GI tract | antispasmodics |
Treat constipation by increasing peristaltic activity in the large intestine or increasing water and electrolyte secretion into the bowel to induce defecation | laxatives |
alk phos | alkaline phosphatase |
Ba | barium |
BaE, BE | barium enema |
BM | bowel movement |
BMI | body mass index |
CF | cystic fibrosis |
CT | computed tomography |
EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
GB | gallbladder |
GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
GI | gastrointestinal |
HAV | hepatitis A virus |
HBV | hepatitis B virus |
HCV | hepatitis C virus |
HDV | hepatitis D virus |
HEV | hepatitis E virus |
IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
LFT | liver function test |
NG | neogastric |
stat, STAT | immediately |
PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
R/O | rule out |
a.c. | before meals |
b.i.d. | twice a day |
hs | half strength |
h.s. | at bedtime |
NPO, n.p.o. | nothing by mouth |
pc, p.c. | after meals |
p.o. | by mouth |
p.r.n. | as required |
qAM | every morning |
q.d. | every day |
q.h. | every hour |
q.2h. | every 2 hours |
q.i.d. | four times a day |
q.o.d. | every other day |
qPM | every evening |
t.i.d. | three times a day |
chol/e | bile, gall |