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The Musculoskeletal
Chp 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acetabulum | cup shaped depression in the hip bone into which the top of the femur fits |
| acromion | part of the scapula that connects to the clavicle |
| atlas | first cervical vertebrae |
| axis | second cervical vertebrae |
| bone | hard connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body |
| bursa | sac lined with a synovial membrane that fills the spaces between tendons and joints |
| calcaneus | heel bone |
| calcium | mineral important in the formation of bone |
| cardiac muscle | striated involuntary muscle of the heart |
| carpus, carpal bone | wrist, wrist bone |
| cartilage | flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, and the lining of various parts of the body |
| cartilaginous disk | thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column |
| cervical vertebrae | seven vertebrae of the spinal column located in the neck |
| clavicle | curved bone of the shoulder that joins to the scapula; collar bone |
| coccyx | small hone consisting of four fused vertebrae at the end of the spinal column; tailbone |
| condyle | rounded surface at the end of a bone |
| crest | bony ridge |
| endosteum | lining of the medullary cavity |
| fascia | sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses muscles |
| femur | long bone of the thigh |
| fibula | smallest long bone of the lower leg |
| fissure | deep furrow or slit |
| fossa | depression, as in a bone |
| heel | back, rounded portion of the foot |
| humerus | long bone of the arm connecting to the scapula on top and the radius and ulna at the bottom |
| ilium | wide portion of the hip bone |
| joint | place of joining between two or more bones |
| ligament | sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bones; attaches bone to bone |
| mandible | u-shaped bone of the lower jaw |
| marrow | connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often rich in nutrients |
| maxillary bone | bone of the upper jaw |
| metacarpal | one of five bones of the hand between the wrist and the fingers |
| netaphysis | section of a long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis |
| metatarsal bones | bones of the foot between the instep (arch) and the toes |
| muscle | contractile tissue that plays a major role in body movement |
| musculoskeletal system | system of the body including the muscles and skeleton |
| nasal bone | bones that form the bridge of the nose |
| nasal cavity | cavity on either side of the nasal septum |
| osteoblast | cell that forms bone |
| osteoclast | large cell that reabsorbs and removes osseous tissue |
| osteocyte | bone cell |
| patella | large, sesamoid bone that forms the kneecap |
| pelvis | cup-shaped ring of bone and ligaments at the base of the trunk |
| phalanges | long bones of the fingers and toes |
| pubes | anteroinferior portion of the hip bone |
| radius | shorter bone of the forearm |
| sacrum | next to last spinal vertebra made up of five fused bones; vertebrae that forms the shoulder blade |
| scapula | large flat bone that forms the shoulder blade |
| sesamoid bone | bone formed in a tendon over a joint |
| sternum | long flat bone that forms the midline of the anterior of the thorax |
| suture | joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane |
| synovial fluid | fluid that serves to lubricate joints |
| tendon | fibrous band that connects muscle to bone or other structure |
| thoracic vertebrae | twelve vertebrae of the chest area |
| thorax | part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen; chest |
| tibia | larger of the two lower leg bones |
| tubercle | slight bone elevation to which a ligament or muscle may be attached |
| ulna | larger bone of the forearm |
| vertebra | one of the bony segments of the spinal column |
| vitamin D | Vitamin important to the formation of bone |
| vomer | flat bone forming the nasal septum |
| zygomatic | bone that forms the cheek |
| acetabul(o) | acetabulum |
| acromi(o) | end point of the scapula |
| ankyl(o) | bent, crooked |
| arthr(o) | joint |
| brachi(o) | arm |
| burs(o) | bursa |
| calcane(o) | heel |
| calci(o) | calcium |
| carp(o) | wrist |
| cephal(o) | head |
| cervic(o) | neck |
| chondr(o) | cartilage |
| condyl(o) | knob, knuckle |
| cost(o) | rib |
| crani(o) | skull |
| dactyl(o) | fingers, toes |
| fasci(o) | fascia |
| femor(o) | femur |
| fibr(o) | fiber |
| humer(o) | humerus |
| ili(o) | ilium |
| ischi(o) | ischium |
| kyph(o) | hump; bent |
| lamin(o) | lamina |
| leiomy(o) | smooth muscle |
| lumb(o) | lumbar |
| maxill(o) | upper jaw |
| metacarp(o) | metacarpal |
| my(o) | muscle |
| myel(o) | spinal cord; bone marrow |
| oste(o) | bone |
| patell(o) | knee |
| ped(i), ped(o) | foot |
| pelv(i) | pelvis |
| phalang(o) | finger or toe bone |
| pod(o) | food |
| pub(o) | pubis |
| rachi(o) | spine |
| radi(o) | forearm bone |
| rhabd(o) | rod-shaped |
| rhabdomy(o) | striated muscle |
| scapul(o) | scapula |
| scoli(o) | curved |
| spondyl(o) | vertebrae |
| stern(o) | sternum |
| synov(o) | synovial membrane |
| tars(o) | tarsus |
| ten(o), tend(o), tendin(o) | tendon |
| thorac(o) | thorax |
| tibi(o) | tibia |
| uln(o) | ulna |
| vertebr(o) | vertebra |
| B | bilateral |
| CTS | Carpal tunnel syndrome |
| DJD | degenerative joint disease |
| DTR | deep tendon reflex |
| Fx | fracture |
| L1, L2, etc | first lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebrae, etc |
| NSAID | nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drug |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| ROM | Range of motion |
| TMJ | Temporomandibular joint |
| arthroscopy | examination with an instrument that explores the interior of a joint |
| chiropractor | health care professional who works to align the spinal column so as to treat certain ailments |
| goniometer | instrument that measures angles or range of motion in a joint |
| orthopedist | physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the musculoskeletal system |
| osteopath | physician who combines manipulative treatment with conventional therapeutic measures |
| podiatrist | medical specialist who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the foot |
| rheumatologist | physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the joints and musculoskeletal system |
| uric acid test | test for acid content in urine; elevated levels may indicate gout |
| arthralgia | severe joint pain |
| arthritis | any of various conditions involving joint inflammation |
| bony necrosis | death of portions of bone |
| bunion | an inflamed bursa at the foot joint, between the big toe and the first metatarsal bone |
| bursitis | inflammation of a bursa |
| calcar | spur |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | pain and paresthesia in the hand due to repetitive motion injury of the median nerve |
| comminuted fracture | fracture with shattered bones |
| crepitation, crepitus | noise made by rubbing together of bones |
| degenerative arthritis | arthritis with erosion of the cartilage |
| exostosis | abnormal bone growth capped with cartilage |
| flaccid | without tone; relaxed |
| fracture | a break, especially in a bone |
| gout | inflammation of the joints; usually caused by uric acid crystals |
| greenstick fracture | fracture with twisting or bending of the bone but no breaking; usually occurs in children |
| hairline fracture | fracture with no bone separation or fragmentation |
| hypotonia | abnormally reduced muscle tension |
| leiomyosarcoma | malignant tumor of smooth muscle |
| muscular dystrophy | progressive degenerative disorder affecting the musculoskeletal system and, later, other organs |
| myalgia | muscle pain |
| myeloma | bone marrow tumor |
| myoma | benign muscle tumor |
| osteoarthritis | arthritis with loss of cartilage |
| osteodynia | bone pain |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone marrow and surrounding bone |
| osteoporosis | degenerative thinning of bone |
| rickets | disease of the skeletal system, usually caused by vit D deficiency |
| rigor | stiffening |
| spasm | sudden, involuntary muscle contraction |
| spinal bifida | congenital defect with deformity of the spinal column |
| spur | bony projection growing out of a bone, calcar |
| subluxation | partial dislocation, as between joint surfaces |
| talipes varus | foot deformity characterized by inversion of the foot |
| amputation | cutting off of a limb or part of a limb |
| arthroplasty | surgical replacement or repair of a joint |
| bunionectomy | removal of a bunion |
| bursectomy | removal of a bursa |
| osteotomy | cutting of bone |
| spondylosyndesis | fusion of two or more spinal column |
| tenotomy | surgical cutting of a tendon |
| analgesic | agent that relieves pain |
| anti-inflammatory (corticosteriod) | agent that reduces inflammation |
| muscle relaxant | agent that relieves muscle stiffness |
| narcotic | agent that relieves pain by affecting the body in ways that are similar to opium |
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) | agent that reduces inflammation without the use of steroids |
Created by:
ambervail
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