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Spine Muscles
Erector spinae, Transversospinalis, cervical
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two types of spinal muscles? | -Erector Spinae -Transversospinalis |
| Erector Spinae | -Iliocostalis -Longissimus -Spinalis |
| Transversospinalis | -Intertransversarii -Multifidi -Rotatores -Interspinales -Semispinalis |
| Iliocostalis- Cervicis origin? | Angle of Rib (T3-T6) |
| Iliocostalis- Cervicis insertion? | Transverse process of C4-C6 |
| Iliocostalis- Cervicis action? | Lateral flexion, rotation of cervical spine |
| Iliocostalis- Cervicis nerve? | Cervical nerve |
| Iliocostalis- Thoracis origin? | Angle of Rib (T12-T7) |
| Iliocostalis- Thoracis insertion? | Upper edge of the RibT1-T6 |
| Iliocostalis- Thoracis action? | Lateral flexion, rotation of spine, depression of ribs |
| Iliocostalis- Thoracis nerve? | Thoracic nerve |
| Iliocostalis- Lumborum origin? | Iliac crest, Tendon from pelvis and lumbar transverse process |
| Iliocostalis- Lumborum insertion? | Angle of the Rib T7-T12 |
| Iliocostalis- Lumborum action? | trunk extension and rotation |
| Iliocostalis- Lumborum nerve? | Lumbar nerve |
| Longissimus- Capitis origin? | C4-T7 |
| Longissimus- Capitis insertion? | Mastoid process |
| Longissimus- Capitis action? | Trunk and head lateral flexion |
| Longissimus- Capitis nerve? | Dorsal rami spinal nerves (C1-L5) |
| Longissimus- Cervicis origin? | T1-T5 (TP) |
| Longissimus- Cervicis insertion? | C2- C6 transverse process |
| Longissimus- Cervicis action? | trunk and head extension and rotation of head on same side |
| Longissimus- Cervicis nerve? | dorsal rami spinal nerves (C1-L5) |
| Longissimus- Thoracis origin? | Transverse process and iliac crest L1-L5 |
| Longissimus- Thoracis insertion? | Ribs 3-12 |
| Longissimus- Thoracis action? | Rib depression in the thoracic segment |
| Longissimus- Thoracis nerve? | dorsal rami spinal nerves C1-L5 |
| Spinalis- Thoracis origin? | T11-12, L1-2; Spinous process |
| Spinalis- Thoracis insertion? | T4-T8; spinous process |
| Spinalis- Thoracis action? | Extension & Lateral flexion of the spine |
| Spinalis- Thoracis nerve? | Dorsal rami spinal nerves (T6-T9) |
| Spinalis- Cervicis origin? | C4-T6; spinous process |
| Spinalis- Cervicis insertion? | C2-C4; spinous process |
| Spinalis- Cervicis action? | Extension & Lateral flexion of the spine |
| Spinalis- Cervicis nerve? | Dorsal Rami spinal nerves T6-T9 |
| Rotatores origin-insertion? | Transverse to body, Spans 1 joint/ adjacent vertebra |
| Rotatores action? | -Bilateral extension/flexion -Ipsilateral lateral flexion -Cotralateral rotation |
| Rotatores nerve? | dorsal rami C1-L5 nerve branches |
| Multifidus origin? | Transverse process |
| Multifidus Insertion? | Spinous Process; spans 2-3 joints |
| Multifidus action? | -Bilateral extension -Ipsilateral lateral flexion -Contralateral rotation |
| Multifidus nerve? | Dorsal rami C1-L5 nerve branches |
| Intertransversarii origin? | Adjacent transverse process of vertebras (CTL) |
| Intertransversarii insertion? | Transverse process of vertebra |
| Intertransversarii action? | Lateral flexion of the neck and trunk |
| Intertransversarii nerve? | Dorsal rami of the cervical, thoracic, an dlumbar spinal nerves |
| Semispinalis- Capitis origin? | C4-C7 articular process, T1-T6 transverse process |
| Semispinalis- Capitis insertion? | Occipital bone |
| Semispinalis- Capitis action? | -Bilateral extension at neck and trunk -Ipsilateral lateral flexion at neck and trunk -Rotation (Capitits &Cervicis) |
| Semispinalis- Capitis nerve? | Dorsal rami of capitis |
| Semispialis- Cervicis origin? | T1-T6 transverse process |
| Semispialis- Cervicis insertion? | C2-C5 spinous process |
| Semispialis- Cervicis action? | -Bilateral extension at neck and trunk -Ipsilateral lateral flexion at neck and trunk -Rotation (Capitits &Cervicis) |
| Semispialis- Cervicis nerve? | Dorsal rami of cervicis |
| Semispialis- Thoracis origin? | T6-T10 transverse process |
| Semispialis- Thoracis insertion? | C6-C7, T1-T4 spinous process |
| Semispialis- Thoracis action? | -Bilateral extension at neck and trunk -Ipsilateral lateral flexion at neck and trunk -Rotation (Capitits &Cervicis) |
| Semispialis- Thoracis nerve? | Dorsal rami of thoracis |
| Sternocleidomastoid origin? | -Sternal head: anterior surface of manubrium -Clavicular head: Medial 1/3 of clavicle |
| Sternocleidomastoid instertion? | Mastoid process of the temportal bone |
| Sternocleidomastoid action? | -Unilaterally: lasteral flexion, rotates head to opposite side -Bilaterally- Cervical flexion |
| Sternocleidomastoid synergists? | Scalene group, rectus capitis anterior |
| Sternocleidomastoid nerve?** | Vental rami C2, C3 Spinal accessory or cranial nerve XI |
| Longus colli - Inferior oblique origin? | T1-T3 vertebral bodies |
| Longus colli - Inferior oblique insertion? | C5-C7 transverse process |
| Longus colli - superior oblique origin? | Anterior transverse process |
| Longus colli - superior oblique insertion? | Anterior atlas |
| Longus colli - Vertical origin? | Bodies of C5-C7 and T1-T3 |
| Longus colli - Vertical insertion? | Bodies C2-C4 |
| Longus colli action? | -Bilaterally – Flexes cervical vertebrae -Unilaterally – Assists in rotation to opposite side and lateral flexion to same side |
| Longus colli synergist? | scalene group, sternocleidomastoid, longus capitis |
| Longus colli nerve? | Ventral rami C2-C6 |
| Longus capitis origin? | C3-C6 transverse process |
| Longus capitis insertion? | occipital bone |
| Longus capitis action? | -Bilaterally – Flexes head - Unilaterally – Rotates and laterally flexes head to same side |
| Longus capitis synergists? | Longus colli, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes |
| Longus capitis nerve? | Ventral rami C1-C3 |
| Scalenus anterior origin? | first rib |
| Scalenus anterior insertion? | Transverse process C3-C6 |
| Scalenus anterior action? | -Bilaterally – Flexes head -Unilaterally – Laterally flexes to same side and rotates head to opposite side |
| Scalanus anterior reverse origin/insertion action? | Elevates first rib to aid in respiration |
| Scalenus anterior synergists? | Sternocleidomastoid, other scalenes, longus capitis, longus colli |
| Scalenus anterior nerve? | Ventral rami C4-C8 (c8=nerve root) |
| Scalenus medius origin? | First rib |
| Scalenus medius Insertion? | Transverse process C2-C7 |
| Scalenus medius Action? | -Bilaterally – Flexes head -Unilaterally – Laterally flexes to same side and rotates head to opposite side. Elevates first rib to aid in respiration. |
| Scalenus medius synergists? | Sternocleidomastoid, other scalenes, longus capitis, longus colli |
| Scalenus medius nerve? | Ventral rami C4-C8 |
| Scalenus posterior origin? | 2nd rib |
| Scalenus posterior insertion? | C4-C6 transverse process |
| Scalenus posterior action? | Bilateral flexion, contralateral rotation, ipsilateral lateral flexion; Elevates 2nd rib to aid in respiration |
| Scalenus posterior synergists? | Sternocleidomastoid, other scalenes, longus capitis, longus colli |
| Scalenus posterior nerve? | Ventral rami C4-C8. |
| Rectus capitis anterior origin? | Lateral aspect of atlas |
| Rectus capitis anterior insertion? | Occipital bone |
| Rectus capitis anterior action? | -Assists with flexion and lateral flexion of cervical spine. -Stabilizes atlanto-occipital joint |
| Rectus capitis anterior synergists? | Sternocleidomastoid, Rectus capitis lateralis, longus colli, longus capitis |
| Rectus capitis anterior nerve? | Ventral rami C1, C2 |
| Rectus capitis lateralis origin? | Transverse process of atlas |
| Rectus capitis lateralis insertion? | Jugular proceess of occipital bone |
| Rectus capitis lateralis action? | -Assists with flexion and lateral flexion of head • -Stabilizes atlanto-occipital joint |
| Rectus capitis lateralis synergists? | Rectus capitis anterior, longus capitis, longissimus capitis, semispinalis capitis |
| Rectus capitis lateralis nerve? | Ventral rami C1, C2 |
| Rectus capitis posterior major origin? | Spinous orocess of axis C2 |
| Rectus capitis posterior major insertion? | Occipital bone |
| Rectus capitis posterior major action? | Extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of head to same side |
| Recrus capitis posterior major synergists? | Rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior/inferior, longissimus capitis, semispinalis capitis |
| Recrus capitis posterior major nerve? | Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1) |
| Recrus capitis posterior minor origin? | Tubercle on posterior arch of atlas |
| Recrus capitis posterior minor insertion? | Occipital bone |
| Recrus capitis posterior minor action? | Extension, lateral flexion |
| Recrus capitis posterior minor synergists? | Rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis superior, longissimus capitis, semispinalis capitis |
| Recrus capitis posterior minor nerve? | Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1) |
| Obliquus capitis superior origin? | Transverse process of atlas |
| Obliquus capitis superior Insertion? | Occipital bone |
| Obliquus capitis superior Action? | Extension and ipsilateral lateral flexion of the head |
| Obliquus capitis superior Synergists? | Rectus capitis posterior major and minor, longissimus capitis, semispinalis capitis |
| Obliquus capitis superior Nerve? | Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1) |
| Obliquus capitis inferior origin? | Spinous process of axis |
| Obliquus capitis inferior insertion? | Transverse process of atlas |
| Obliquus capitis inferior action? | Rotates atlas, turning head to same side |
| Obliquus capitis inferior synergists? | Longissimus capitis, rectus capitis posterior major |
| Obliquus capitis inferior nerve? | Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1) |
| Splenius capitis origin? | C7-T3 spinous processes |
| Splenius capitis insertion? | Mastoid process |
| Splenius capitis action? | -Bilaterally : extends head -Unilaterally : laterally flexes head and rotates head to same side |
| Splenius capitis synergists? | Splenius cervicis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, superior trapezius |
| Splenius capitis nerve? | Dorsal rami of C2-C4 |
| Splenius cervicis origin? | T3-T6 spinous processes |
| Splenius cervicis insertion? | C1-C4 transverse processes |
| Splenius cervicis action? | -Bilaterally : extends head and neck - Unilaterally : laterally flexes and rotates head to same side |
| Splenius cervicis synergists? | Splenius capitis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, superior trapezius |
| Splenius cervicis nerve? | Dorsal rami C2-C4 |
| Spinalis- Capitis origin? | C7 and T1-T7 Transverse process |
| Spinalis- Capitis Insertion? | Occipital bone |
| Spinalis- Capitis Action? | Extension and lateral flexion of the spine |
| Spinalis- Capitis Nerve? | Dorsal rami spinal nerves (T6-T9) |
Created by:
rmart11
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