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AICP Housing
Functional Areas of Practice
| When was the Public Health Movement? | Second half of 1800's |
| WHEN was the first model tenement constructed and WHERE? | 1855, New York City |
| WHEN was the first dumbbell tenement constructed? | 1879 |
| What were the drawbacks to dumbbell tenements? | Poor lighting, little air and little space |
| Tenement House Act of 1867 | Required new tenement buildings to provide a narrow air shaft between adjacent structures, windows that open into the shaft, two toilets on each floor and a one square yard window in each room |
| What was the first major housing code in the U.S.? | Tenement House Act of 1867 |
| Who is Jacob Riis? | Published "How the Other Half Lives" in 1890 about the plight of the poor in New York. |
| Tenement House Law of 1901 (New York) | Outlawed dumbbell tenements, required inspection and permits for construction and alterations, wide light and air areas between buildings, required toilets and running water in each apartment |
| Clarence Perry | Defined the Neighborhood Unit Concept in 1920 as part of the New York Regional Plan |
| Neighborhood Unit Concept | Defines a neighborhood based on a 5 minute walking radius, with a school at the center, approx. 160 acres total |
| Public Work Administration (1934) | Provided 85% of the cost of public housing projects, first federally supporting public housing program |
| National Housing Act (1934) | Established the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) for insuring home mortgages |
| Resettlement Administration (1935) | Funded new towns with New Deal funds, i.e. Greendale, WI, Greenhills, OH and Greenbelt, MD |
| US Housing Act (1937) | Provided $500 million in home loans for the development of low cost housing; tied slum clearance with public housing |
| Servicemen's Readjustment Act (1944) | aka GI Bill, guaranteed home loans to veterans, resulted in rapid development of suburbs |
| Housing Act of 1949 | First comprehensive housing legislation, called for construction of 800k new housing units, emphasized slum clearance |
| Housing Act of 1954 | Slum prevention and urban renewal, funding for planning cities under 25k in population |
| Housing Act of 1959 | Federal matching funds for comprehensive planning at the metro, regional, state and interstate levels |
| Housing Act of 1961 | Provided interest subsidies for the construction of public housing projects for low income families to rent |
| Housing and Urban Development Act (1965) | Created HUD, US Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, established rent subsidies for the poor, low interest home loans, subsidies for public housing projects |
| Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act (1966) | Launch of the model cities program. Provided incentives for coordinated planning for open space, water supply, sewage disposal and mass transit, est loan guarantee program to encourage development of "new communities" |
| Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 | Provided for the construction of 6 million subsidized housing units, monthly subsidies for private houses for low income familieis |
| Miami Valley Regional Planning Commission (Ohio, 1970) | Adopted a housing plan that called for low income housing allocations on a fair share basis |
| Pruitt-Igoe (St. Louis, 1972) | Demolition of high rise concentrated public housing project, shift away from this type of housing |
| Housing and Community Development Act (1974) | Created the Community Development Block Grant Program, communities have flexibility to use federal funds for blighted areas, creation of Section 8 rent subsidies |
| National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Act (1974) | Provided regulations for manufactured housing units in lieu of using the building code for manufactured homes built after 1976 |
| Urban Development Action Grant Program (1977) | Promoted public-private partnerships for redevelopment of urban areas |
| National Affordable Housing Act of 1990 | Created the HOME program which provides funding for housing rehabilitation |
| HOPE VI (1992) | Funding for redevelopment of distressed public housing; allowed for demolition and construction of public housing; resulted in deconcentration of public housing |
| Consolidated Plan | Required for HUD program funding; unified community vision for community development; it is a process and a document; identifies needs, establishes goals, priorities, strategies |
| Sweat Equity | Increased value in a property earned from labor (i.e. Habitat for Humanity) |
| Urban Homesteading | Encouraging residents to occupy and renovate vacant properties |
| Workforce Housing | Affordable housing for teachers, nurses, police officers |
| Community Development | Engaging the community in solving problems to promote economic, social, environmental health (i.e. aging, child care, homelessness) |
| Community Development Banks | Focus on economic development in low income areas |
| Colonias | Unincorporated subdivisions with little or no infrastructure that are sold to low income individuals |
Created by:
mrwaffle
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