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Axial Skeleton
A&P Chapter 7 Dr.Cutler
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many bones are in the Axial Skeleton? | 80 bones |
| How many bones are in the Appendicular Skeleton? | 126 bones |
| What does the Axial Skeleton contain? | Skull bones, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, ribs, sternum, and bones of the vertebral column |
| What does the Appendicular Skeleton contain? | Upper and Lower limbs and bones forming girdles |
| What are the 5 types of Bones based on SHAPE? | Long, Short, Flat, Irregular, Sesamoid |
| What are Sutures? | Jointed areas where flat bones come together |
| What are Sutural Bones? | Small, extra bone plates located within the sutures of cranial bones |
| What are the Bone Surface Markings? (2 Major Types) | Depressions/openings and processes |
| What is a Fissure? | Narrow Slit between bones |
| What is a Foramen? | Hole for passage of blood vessels, nerves or ligaments |
| What is a Fossa? | Shallow depression |
| What is a Meatus? | Tubelike opening |
| What is a Sulcus? | Furrow on a bone for passage of blood vessel, nerve or tendon |
| What is a Condyle? | Rounded projection with a smooth surface |
| What is a Facet? | Smooth, Flat, slightly concave articular surface |
| What is a Head? | Rounded articular process supported on a neck |
| What is a Crest? | Prominent ridge |
| What is an Epicondyle? | Rough projection on a condyle |
| What is a Line? | Long, narrow ridge or border |
| What is a Spinous Process? | Sharp, slender projection |
| What is a Tubercle? | Variably sized rounded projection |
| What is a Trochanter? | Very large projection ONLY found on the femur |
| What is a Tuberosity? | Variably sized projection with rough, bumpy surface |
| What is the Mandible? | Largest, strongest facial bone, only moveable skull bone |
| What is the Paranasal Sinuses? | Mucous membrane lined cavities in the frontal, maxillary, sphenoid and ethmoid bones |
| What is the Fontanels? | Mesenchyme filled between cranial bones present at birth (cone headed baby) |
| What does the Hyoid Bone do? | Supports the tongue |
| What does the Intervertebral Discs do? | Separate the vertebrae from one another |
| What is the Cervical Spine? | Transverse foramina to protect the vertebral artery |
| What is the Atlas C1? | Nodding, holds head (greek god holding world) |
| What is the Axis C2? | Dens/Odontoid process, shaking head NO |
| What is the Thoracic Spine? | Giraffe Face Shape, supports the ribs |
| What is the Lumbar Spine? | Largest and strongest in the vertebral column, moose head shape, fuse with sacrum |
| What is the Sacral Spine? | Triangular Shaped Sacrum, part of pelvic girdle |
| What is the Coccyx? | Triangular shape, composed of 4 vertebrae |
| What is the Sacrum? | Heart Shaped Bone |
| What is the Sternum? | Breastbone, located in center of chest |
| What do the Ribs do? | Provide support, connects to sternum through cartilage |
| What ribs are True Ribs? | 1-7 |
| What ribs are False Ribs? | 8-10 |
| What ribs are Floating Ribs? | 11-12 |
| What is a Disc Herniation? | Leaking cartilage between bones (Cesar) |
| What is Scoliosis? | Increased Lateral curvature (side) |
| What is Kyphosis? | Increased Thoracic curve-bent forward |
| What is Lordosis? | Increased Lumbar curve-bent backwards (twerking) |
| What is Spina Bifida? | Defect in the vertebral column, laminae doesn't develop normally |
| What does the vertebral column do? | Protects the spinal cord |
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