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Chapter 3 Wind
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Weather | the condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place |
Atmosphere | the envelope of gases that surrounds he planet |
Water Vapor | water in the form of gas |
Density | amount of mass in a given volume of air |
Air Pressure | the result of weight of a column of air pushing on an area |
Barometer | an instrument that measures air pressure |
Mercury Barometer | a long glass tube that is closed at one end and open at the other |
Aneroid Barometer | air tight metal chamber |
Altitude | distance above the sea level |
trososphere | the first layer of the atmosphere |
strasosphere | the second layer of the atmosphere and has the ozone layer |
mesosphere | third layer of the atmosphere |
thermosphere | last layer of the atmosphere and has no outer limit |
ionsphere | lower layer of the thermosphere |
exosphere | outer layer of the thermosphere |
electromagnetic waves | a form of energy that can move |
radiation | direct transfer of energy |
infrared radiation | long wavelength for red light |
ultraviolet radiation | short wavelengths for violet light |
scattering | when particles and gas disperse in the atmosphere |
Green House Effect | gas that holds in earth's atmosphere |
tempature | average amount of energy of motion of each particle for a substance |
thermal energy | measures the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance |
thermometer | device that allows you to measure tempature |
heat | is thermal energy that is transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one |
convection | transfer of heat by a liquid |
conduction | transfer of heat with two substances that are in direct contact |
convection currents | upward movement of hot and the downward movement of cold air |
wind | movement of air that is parallel to earth's surface |
anemometer | measures wind speed |
windchill factor | increased of air cooling |
local winds | wind that blows over short distances |
sea breeze | when local winds blow over a lake or ocean |
land breeze | flow of air to land to ocean |
global winds | winds that blow steadily from a specific directions over long distances |
Coriolis effect | when wind curves cause of the earth's rotation |
latitude | the distance from the equator |
doldrums | calm area with no wind |