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AnP Ch 3 Part C
Chapter 3 Part C
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mitochondria | Called the power plant of cells because they produce most of cells energy molecules (ATP) |
| Ribisomes | Non-membranous organelles that are site of protein synthesis. Made up of protein and ribosomal RNA. |
| Free Ribosomes | free floating, site of synthesis of soluble proteins that function in cytosol or other organelles. |
| Membrane-Bound Ribosomes | Attached to endoplasmic reticulum (ER)site of synthesis of proteins to be incorporated into membranes or lysosomes, or exported from cell. |
| Endoplasmic Recticulium | Rough and Smooth ER |
| Rough ER | Studded with attached ribosomes |
| Smooth ER | Network of looped tubules continuous with rough ER. found in plasma membrane. Lipid, Cholesterol and steroid based hormone synthesis. |
| Golgi Apparatus | Modifies, Concentrates and packages proteins and lipids received from rough ER. |
| Peroxisomes | Membranes sacs containing powerful detoxifying substances that neutralize toxins. |
| Free Radicals | Toxic, highly reactive molecules that are natural by-products of cellular metabolism. |
| Lysosomes | Spherical membrane bags containing digestive enzymes. |
| Cytoskeleton | Elaborate network of rods that run throughout cytosol. |
| Microfilaments | Thinnest of all cytoskeletal elements. |
| Intermediate filaments | Composed of tetramer (4) fibrils twisted together, resulting in one strong fiber. |
| Microtubules | Largest of cytoskeletal elements. Consist of hollow tubes composed of protein sub-units called tubulins. |
| Centrosome | located near the Neculeus |
| Centrioles | from the basis of cilia and flagella. |
| Cilia and Flagella | aid in the movement of the cell or of materials across the surface |
| Microvilli | are finger-like projections that extend from the surface of the cell to increase surface area. |
| Cilia | Are whip-like, motile extensions on surfaces of certain cells EX respiratory Cell. |
| Flagella | Are longer extensions that propel the whole cell. EX tail of sperm |
| Nucleus | Largest organelle, Contains the genetic library of blueprints for synthesis of nearly all cellular proteins. |
| Unincleate | One nucleus, but skeletal muscle |
| Multinucleate | Many Nuclei, liver cells. |
| Anucleate | No nucleus, red blood cells. |
| Nuclear Envelope | Double membrane barrier that encloses the jelly like fluid. |
| Nuclear Pores | Allow substances to pass into ans out of nucleus. |
| Nucleoli | Dark staining spherical bodies within nucleus that are involved in ribosomal RNA synthesis. |
| Chromatin | Consist of 30% thread like strands of DNA, 60% histone proteins and 10% RNA. |
| Nucleosomes | Consist of DNA wrapped around histones |
| Chromosomes | Condensed chromatin. |
Created by:
Jaytee07
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