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US Gov Final
US Gov Final Exam Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Republicanism | A system in which the people participate in the decision-making process of government not directly but indirectly, through the election of officials to represent their interests |
| Bicameral | When legislative functions within government that are separated into two chambers or houses (House of Representatives & Senate) is an example of this type of government. |
| This statement is false | The New Jersey Plan of government called for proportional participation in government based upon a state's population |
| This statement is false | The Virginia Plan of government called for equal participation by each state in the actions Federal Government. |
| adjourn or adjornment | The action taken by Congress to suspend a session. |
| 20th Amendment | What amendment states “The Congress shall assembler at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3rd day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.” |
| This statement is true | The "Speaker of the House" controls the actions of any submitted bills. |
| Vice President of the United States | The Senate of the United States is managed by this person. He is the President of the Senate but not of the United States. |
| joint committee | A Committee made up of members from both houses with extremely narrow jurisdictions. |
| special committee | A Temporary committee appointed to deal with an issue outside of a standing committee’s jurisdiction |
| Article II Section I Clause I | What Article of the U.S. Constitution gives the President of the United States Executive power? |
| This statement is true | The power to execute, enforce and administer law by the President of the United States is Executive Power |
| formal powers | Powers of the President of the United States that are clear/obvious as written in the Constitution are called |
| informal powers | Powers of the President of the United States that are vague and written in general clauses of the Constitution or unwritten are called |
| This statement is true | An example of a "formal power" of the President of the United States is that he/she is the "Commander in Chief" of all military forces. |
| both command of the military and negotiates treaties | Article II grants Military Power to the President of the United States. This power gives the President the ability to do this/these things |
| 12th Amendment | The creation of what Constitution Amendment changed Presidential Elections creating the Electoral College system? |
| Executive Power | Article II, Section 3 “he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.” Which power is granted to the President of the United States. |
| Appointment Power | The President appoints around 1,200 members of the executive branch. This is an example of this Presidential Power. |
| Presidential Nomination, White House Review, Paperwork/Financial Disclosure, FBI Investigation, Senate Confirmation Hearings & Senate Vote | What are the steps of the process for Presidential Appointment? |
| filibuster | As seen in the movie "Mr. Smith Goes To Washington", Mr. Smith speaks to his fellow Senators for hours upon hours. This "talking a bill to death" or failure to "yield the floor" is called a |
| quorum | As seen in the movie "Mr. Smith Goes To Washington", Mr. Smith speaks to his fellow Senators in defense of his reputation and in protest of a presented bill. They decided that they did not want to hear him speak and therefore began to leave the Senate Floor. In response to this, Mr. Smith asked for a "Call to __________" to require the Senators to return to the floor finish arguing the presented bill. |
| Refers bills to committees, Recognizes members to speak, Presides over House business and Calls for a vote | As we saw in our mock bill presentation, the "Speaker of the House" has several responsibilities. Those responsibilities are |
| This statement is true | A party caucus is a closed meeting of party members in the Senate and House of Representatives. |
| the hopper | When a bill is introduced, it must be place inside this. This is called |
| This statement is false | Once the House Speaker refers a bill to committee, the bill has to be revised and submitted to the floor for a vote. |
| The United States Congress | Who has more military power? Congress Military Powers 1. Declare War 2. Provide for the Military 3. Make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the Military 4. Provide for the National Guard The President Military Powers 1. Command the Military 2. Negotiate Treaties |
| This statement is true | Presidents tend to choose a running mate that adds balance to the presidential ticket. |
| give up responsibility to anybody | "The President--whoever he is--has to decide. He can't pass the buck to anybody. No one else can do the deciding for him. That's his job. “ -Harry Truman What does "pass the buck" mean" in the context of this sentence? |
| White House Staff | The analysts and advisers to the president that work inside the White House with the President are called his |
| President's Cabinet | The secretaries, or chief administrators of the major departments of the federal government are member of the |
| This statement is true | The Senate has the responsibility to interview and confirm all Presidential Appointments (Judges & Cabinet members) |
| divided government | When one party (Democrat or Republicans) controls the Executive Branch and the other party controls legislature, this is called a |
| unified government | When one party (Democrat or Republicans) controls both the Executive Branch and the legislature, this is called a |
| gridlock | The freezing of action on an issue where the government is not getting anything (when policy is prevented from passing through Congress and President) is called |
| Divine Right Theory | In this theory, it is held that God created the state and that God had given those of royal birth a right to rule. |
| Evolutionary Theory | In this theory, others claim that the state developed naturally out of the early family. |
| State | The ______________ can be defined as a body of people, living in a defined territory, organized politically and with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority. |
| Democracy | When the responsibility for the exercise of the powers rest with a majority of the people, this form of government is call a _____________________. |
| Autocracy | An _______________ is a government in which a single person hold unlimited political power. |
| Oligarchy | An __________________ is a government in which the power to rule is held by a small, usually self-appointed elite. |
| Confederate Government | A ________________ is an alliance of independent states. A central organization, the confederate government, only handles those matters that member states assign to them. |
| Representative Government | The idea that government should serve the will of the people is called |
| Royal Colony | In this type of colony, the King has direct control and appoints all governors and councils. |
| Unicameral | In this type of government there is only one legislative house. This is called |
| Federalism | A system of government in which a written constitution divides the power of government on a territorial basis between the national, state and local governments. |
| Division of Powers | It is called _____________ when powers between national, state and local government are distributed. |
| This statement is true | Inherent powers belong to the National Government because these are powers or "natural laws" that a typical government would possess. |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | This supreme court cases gave the Supreme Court the right to review any cases concerning the U.S. Constitution and granted the court to be the "supreme law of the land" |
| Chief Administrator | Match the title to the Role: The President is the director of the federal government and its approximate 2.7 million employees and budget of $3.7 trillion. |
| Commander in Chief | Match the title to the Role: The President is the leader of the United States armed forces. |
| Chief Legislator | Match the title to the role: The President is the chief architect of the domestic policy of the United States. |
| Chief Diplomat | Match the title to the Role: The President is the primary architect of American foreign policy. |
| This statement is true | There are 535 members of Congress. 435 members in the House of Representatives and 100 members in the Senate |
| IRAC | When briefing a case, your goal is to reduce the information from the case into a one-page case summary. This is called the ________ method |
| Marbury v. Madison | In ___________________ the United States Supreme Court established the right to review cases. |
| This statement is false | The "Most Famous Break Up Letter" in American History was the "Articles of Confederation. |
| John Locke | This Enlightenment thinker promoted the "Social Contract Theory" and wrote the book 2nd Treaties on Civil Government. |
| Thomas Hobbes | This Enlightenment thinker promoted the "Social Contract Theory" and wrote the book Leviathan. |
| Charles de Montesquieu | This Enlightenment thinker promoted the concept of "Separation of Powers" |
| Social Contract Theory | This is the view that a person's' moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live. |
| This statement is false | The Declaration of Independence states that "New government cannot be formed just for any reason, but after many abuses of power". People may change their government at the first sign of difficulty. |
| Shay's Rebellion | An uprising of farmers protesting Massachusetts state law (foreclosure of mortgages/home and jailing of debtors) |
| weakness | A ________________ of the Articles of Confederation is that there is no standing national military for the Federal Government |
| taxes | Congress was unable to impose ______________; it could only borrow money on credit. This was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation. |
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