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Government Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| House of Burgesses | The legislative assembly established in the 1640s in Virginia, now known as the General Assembly of Virginia |
| Declaration of Independence | A description of the purpose of government A list of grievances against the King of England A definition of people's natural rights |
| From where does the power come from stated in the Declaration of Independence? | Stated that in democracy, power comes from the people |
| Legislative Branch | A two house (bicameral) legislator House of Representatives whose membership was based on the purpose of state Senate whose membership was based on two Senators per state |
| Why did Federalist agree to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution? | To persuade the Anti-Federalists to accept the Constitution |
| U.S. Constitution v. Articles of Confederation | One difference is that the Constitution created a national government having three branches |
| Differences between the Anti-Federalists and the Federalists | Anti-Federalists and Federalists disagreed MOST strongly over the division of powers between the national and state governements |
| A major reason why the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution | To protect individual liberties from abuse by the federal government |
| "Father of the Constitution” | James Madison |
| Checks and Balances ( 2 questions) | Stops other branches from becoming too powerful |
| First Amendment | Freedom of speech Freedom of the press Freedom of Religion Right of the people to assemble Petition the government for regress of grievances |
| Where did the Anti-Federalists believe the power was given in the original draft of the Constitution? | The National Government |
| Election of 1800 | The first instance of political power being transferred peacefully from one political party to another |
| Veto | A power granted to the President in order to prevent passage of legislation |
| Judicial Review | The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional because of the principle of judicial review |
| What court case established Judicial Review | Marbury vs. Madison |
| Central idea of democracy | The belief that the government is derived from the people |
| According to the Declaration of Independence, from where should the government derive their legitimacy? | From the consent of the governed |
| One goal of the American Revolution | Liberty |
| Know what the 14th, 15th, 19th, and 21st amendments were all about (2 questions) | 14th defining national citizenship and forbidding the states to restrict the basic rights of citizens 15th granted African American men the right to vote 19th granted women the right to vote 21st repealed 18th amendment on prohibition |
| Political Machines | A party organization that recruits its members by the use of incentives including money, jobs and favors. It is characterized by a high degree of leadership control over member activity |
| Reapportionment of the Constitution | Required every 10 years |
| The concept in the opening words of the Preamble | To express Popular Sovereignty |
| Procedures for a president to be removed from office | The house votes for impeachment and the senate conducts a trial and reaches a guilty verdict |
| Pocketbook Vote | The economy serves as a driving force for many in determining the outcome of certain election. In good economic times, the party holding the white house normally does well, while in poor times, the opposition party normally does better |
| Cloture Motion | Cuts off debate on a bill |
| Formal qualifications to run for President and/or Congress | President Natural born citizen of the U.S. At least 35 years old A U.S. resident for 14 years Congress Senators 30 years and Representatives 25 years U.S. citizens for 9 years Residents of elected state |
| Due Process | A state cannot take away a person's life, liberty or property |
| How many amendments are in the Constitution today? | 27 |
| What are the Bill of Rights? | The first 10 amendments of the Constitution where one might find guarantees of certain basic rights |
| Double Jeopardy | A person cannot be tried twice for the same crime |
| Refugees v. illegal aliens | Refugees flee to another country to escape persecution or danger Illegal aliens are a foreign national who is living without authorization in a country of which they are not a citizen |
| Biggest entitlement program | Social Security |
| Magna Carta | Established a limited government |
| Progressive Tax v. Flat Tax | Progressive tax takes a higher percentage of income from upper income groups than from lower income groups Flat Tax is a tax system with a constant marginal rate, usually applied to individual or corporate income tax |
| What do Article I, II, and III establish in the Constitution | I Establishes the Legislative branch II Establishes the Executive branch III Establishes the Judicial branch |
| What did the framers of the Constitution intend to establish? | A representative republic |
| Establishment Clause | Prohibits congress from establishing a state religion |
| Federalism | The division of powers between the levels of government |
| Steps for an amendment to be adopted | Step 1- 2/3s of both houses of Congress pass a proposed constitutional amendment, sends the proposed amendment to the states for ratification Step 2- 3/4s of the states ratify the proposed amendment either by legislatures or special ratifying conventions |
| Articles of Confederation | There was no Supreme court Each state had one vote in congress To add amendments to the Articles of Confederation the 13 states had to unanimously agree |
| Civic Duty v. Jury Duty (2 questions) | Civic Duty a person has an obligation to participate in governmental civic affairs Jury Duty if you're registered to vote you may be called to be questioned and possibly serve on a jury |
| Closed Party v. Open Party | Closed is where is requires that voters declare that they are a registered member of the party in order to vote in that primary Open allows any registered voter to cast their ballot in either party's primary |
| Who is responsible for forming the boundaries of the US congressional districts? | The State Legislators |
| Federalists beliefs on the Constitution | A strong national government was neccesary to facilitate interstate commerce and to manage foreign trade, national defense and foreign relations |
| Federalists beliefs on the Constitution 2 | The development of political factions would prevent any one branch from gaining too much power thus allowing a republic to survive The checks and balances system was designed to prevent the three branches from acquiring preponderant power |
| Some main areas for which the Constitution provided | Developing a system of checks & balances between three co-equal branches of government in order to avoid a too powerful central government establishing federal law as the Supreme Law of the land while giving states considerable power to govern themselves |
| Some main areas for which the Constitution provided 2 | placating the southern states by counting slaves as 3/5's of the population when determining representation in the House of Representatives |
| What are the following course cases about?: Roe v. Wade McCullouch v Maryland | Roe vs Wade affirms the legality of a women's right to have an abortion McCullouch vs Maryland impose taxes on the bank |
| What are the following course cases about?: Marbury v. Madison Plessy v. Ferguson | Plessy vs Furgeson upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quantity. Known as "separate but equal" Marbury vs Madison established judicial review |
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