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Skeletal System Day6
Learn the Joints and Their motions
| Term | Descriptions |
|---|---|
| Joints | The functional junctions in between bone. Binds bones together. Humans have 230. Classified by type of tissues and movement |
| Fibrous Joints | Between CLOSE bone. Thin layer of connective tissue bins the bones together. Provides no movement EX: Skull |
| Cartilaginous Joints | Hyaline Cartilage binds these to bones. Allows limited movement and absorbs shock. EX: Vertebrae |
| Synovial Joints | Most Joints of the Skeleton. Free movement. Covered with hyaline cartilage and a capsule of connective tissue that binds them. CONTAINS A SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE THAT SECRETES SYNOVIAL FLUID. Located in patella and elbow. Menisci and fluid sacs called Bursa |
| BALL AND SOCKET JOINT | Globe/Egg shaped head, that articulated with a cup shaped cavity. Allows wide range of motion. EX: Shoulder and Hip |
| CONDYLOID JOINT | Oval shaped condial fits into elliptical cavities. Allows a variety of movement. EX: Metacarpals and Phalanges. |
| HINGE JOINT | Convex surface fits into concave surface of another bone. Hinged like a door. EX: Elbow and Phalanges. |
| PIVOT JOINT | Cylinder surface of one bone rotates in a ring of another bone. Allows limited movement around a central axis. EX: Radius and Ulna |
| Saddle Joint | Articulating bones have concave and convex regions. Allows a variety of movements. EX: Carpals and Metacarpals of the thumb |
| JOINT MOVEMENTS: | Occurs at synovial joints. One end of muscle attaches to the immovable end of bone, the other end attaches to movable end. When the muscle contracts it pulls together |
| flexion | bending body parts so that the angle between them decrease. (Bending the arm) |
| extension | straightening the body parts so that the angle between them increases. (Straightening the arm) |
| Dorsiflexion | movement at the ankle that brings the foot closer to the shin. (Walking on your heels) |
| Plantar Flexion | Movement at the ankle that brings the foot farther from the shin. (Pointing toes) |
| Hyperextension | extension of the parts at a joint, beyond the anatomical position. Usually results in injury. (Whiplash) |
| ABduction | moving a part away from the midline of the body. (Lifting the arm away from body). |
| ADduction | Moving a part toward the midline of the body. (returning the arm to the side of the body) |
| Rotation | moving a part around an axis. (Twisting the head from side to side) |
| Circumduction | moving a part so that its ends follows a circular path. (Moving finger in a circular motion) |
| Pronation | Turning the hand so that the palm is downward |
| Supination | turning the hand so that the palm is upward |
| Eversion | Turing the foot so that the plantar surface faces laterally |
| Inversion | Turing the foot so that the plantar surface faces medially |
| Retraction | Moving a part backward. (Pulling the head back) |
| Protraction | Moving a part forward. (Thrusting the head forward) |
| Elevation | Raising a part. (Shrugging shoulders) |
| Depression | Lowering a part. (Drooping the shoulders) |
Created by:
Davigo Soklux