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Intro to A&P Ch 1
Intro to A&P Herlihy Ch 1-4, 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The branch of science that describes how the body functions | Physiology |
| The branch of science that describes the structure of the body | Anatomy |
| The level of organism considered the basic unit of life: | The cell |
| Name the 11 human organ systems (MRS INCLUDER) | muscular, respiratory, skeletal, integumentary, nervous, circulatory, lymphatic, urinary, digestive, endocrine, reproductive |
| What is the directional term that means above? | Superior |
| Which directional term means front? | Anterior or ventral |
| This term means near the point of attachment: | Proximal |
| This term means away from the point of attachment: | Distal |
| Is the thigh proximal or distal to the foot? | Proximal |
| This plan divides the body lengthwise into right and left halves | Sagittal plan |
| The term that refers to the lower back region | Lumbar |
| Which body cavities are ventral | thoracic cavity, abdoninopelvic (abdominal & pelvic) cavity |
| What is the position of the thoracic cavity to the abdominopelvic cavity? | superior |
| Which organs are in the thoracic cavity? | heart & lungs |
| Which cavity is divided into four quadrants? | abdominopelvic |
| The brain is located in which cavity? | Dorsal cavity-cranial |
| All organic compounds contain what element? | carbon |
| On the pH scale, what is considered neutral? | 7 (in the middle of the scale from 0-14) |
| A pH of less than 7 is said to be... | Acidic |
| This structure is the control center of the cell... | the nucleus |
| Which structure converts energy into ATP? | The mitochondria (the power plant) |
| In this process water is pulled from an area where there is more water to an area of less water. | Osmosis |
| A semi-permeable membrane divides a beaker into 2 compartments. Compartment A contains 20% NaCl solution. Compartment B contains 50% NaCl solution. Water will diffuse from compartment ______ to ______ | from compartment A to compartment B |
| If a semi-permeable membrane is permeable to both water and NaCl, the NaCl will diffuse from the side with ________ to the side with ________ concentration. | higher (more) NaCl to lower (less) NaCl |
| The four phases of mitosis are... | 1) prophase 2) metaphase 3) anaphase 4) telophase |
| A carbohydrate consisting of any glucose molecules known as starches... | polysaccharides |
| Hairlike structures located on the outer surface of the cell membrane... | cilia |
| The term that refers to the bursting of red blood cells... | hemolysis |
| A cell placed in a hypotonic solution such as water will... | swell & lyse (burst) |
| A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will... | crenate or shrink |
| The scent from a skunk moves through the air by this process... | diffusion |
| This cellular structure can be described as rough or smooth. | endoplasmic reticulum |
| A gel-like substance located inside the cell, but outside the nucleus. | cytoplasm |
| What are the four major types of tissues? Hint: Every Nurse Cooks Muffins | 1) epithelial 2) nervous 3) connective 4) muscular |
| This type of tissue is found in the urinary bladder and allows it to stretch. | transitional epithelium |
| This is the most abundant of the four tissue types. | connective tissue |
| Ligaments, tendons, and cartilage are this type of tissue. | connective |
| This type of membrane lines the cavities such as mouth, respiratory tract and reproductive tract. | mucous membrane |
| This tissue type is able to repair and regenerate quickly. | epithelial |
| bone and cartilage is formed by these types of cells... | osteocytes and chondrocytes |
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