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Integumentary System
A&P Herlihy Ch 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are characteristics of the epidermis? | 1) is a thin layer of the skin 2) is formed of stratified squamous epithelium 3) is avascular |
| Name the layers of the epidermis | 1) Stratum germinativum 2) Stratum corneum |
| What is keratinization? | 1) skin cells are hardened & flattened with the protein keratin 2) keratin make the skin cells water resistant |
| What is the subcutaneous (hypodermis, sub q) layer? | 1) it is directly below the dermis (hypodermis) 2) formed of loose connective tissue & adipose tissue (fat) 3) it is highly vascular |
| What are the functions of the subcutaneous layer? | 1) insulate the body from extreme temperature changes in the external environment 2) it anchors the skin to the underlying structures |
| What is urticaria? | Hives which may be caused from an allergic reaction |
| What type of cell is associated with tanning? | melanocytes |
| Dark pigmentation such as moles & freckles are caused by what? | melanin |
| What causes a yellow pigment in the skin? | carotene |
| Bluish skin tint caused by poor oxygenation is called? | cyanosis or cyanotic |
| Dilated blood vessels of the skin cause... | blushing or flushed skin |
| A condition of hair loss is called... | Alopecia |
| Chemotherapy can cause this condition... | Alopecia |
| Vernix Caseosa covers and protects what? | a fetus |
| Vernix Caseosa is secreted by what type of gland? | Sebaceous |
| Name the two types of modified sweat glands: | 1) Mammary glands 2) Ceruminous glands |
| Ceruminous glands secrete... | ear wax (cerumen) |
| Sudoriferous glands secrete... | sweat |
| What are the four types of heat loss? | 1) radiation 2) conduction 3) convection 4) evaporation |
| Vasodilitation near the surface causes... | heat loss (lowers body temperature) |
| Eccrine glands are associated with... | body temperature regulation |
| Sebaceous glands secrete... | sebum (oil) into the hair follicle |
| Skeletal muscles shiver in order to... | produce heat |
| Sweat is produced to promote... | heat loss |
| Blood vessels constrict to.... | conserve heat |
| This type of skin cancer has the poorest prognosis: | melanoma |
| Metabolism associated with brown fat is called: | non-shivering thermogenesis |
| What is produced when arrector pili muscles contract? | goosebumps |
| What process causes a callus to be produced? | continuous irritation stimulates the stratum germinativum to produce rapidly, causing thickened skin. |
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blankenshipm
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