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Anatomy/Phys
Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biology | study of life |
| Living things perform: | responsivenessGrowthreproduction movement metabolism |
| Anatomy | structure |
| Physiology | function |
| Gross Anatomy | macroscopic ; visible w/ unaided eye |
| Surface Anatomy | general form and superficial markings |
| Regional Anatomy | considers all superficial and internal features in specific region of body |
| Systemic Anatomy | structures of major organs |
| Microscopic Anatomy | structures that cannot be seen without magnification |
| Cytology | analyzes the internal structure of individual cells |
| Histology | examines tissues ,groups of specialized cells and cell products that work together to perform specific function |
| Organs | tissues form to make these |
| Human Physiology | study of the functions of the human body |
| Cell physiology | study of functions of living cells |
| Special Physiology | study of physiology of specific organs |
| Systemic Physiology | considers all aspects of the function of specific organ systems |
| Pathological Physiology or pathology | study of effects of diseaseson organ or system functions |
| Level of Organization | Chemical (molecular)CellularTissueOrgan Organ systemOrganism |
| Homeostasis | existence of stable internal enviroment |
| Homostatic regulation | adjustments in physiological systems that preserve homeostasis |
| Receptor | sensitive to a particular enviroment change or stimulus |
| Control Center | integration center recieves and processes info from receptor |
| Effector | responds to commands of the control center and whose activity opposes and reinforces the stimulus |
| Negative Feedback | variation outside normal limits triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation |
| Positive Feedback | initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces that stimulus |
| Disease | When homeostasis regulation fails, organ systems begin to malfunction and the individual experiences the symptoms of illness |
| Anatomical Position | feet together hands at sides with palms forward |
| Supine | face down |
| Prone | Face down |
| Anterior | front |
| Ventral | belly side |
| Posterior | back |
| Dorsal | back |
| Cranial | Head |
| superior | above;higher level |
| Caudal | tail |
| inferior | Below;lowest level |
| medial | toward body |
| Lateral | away from body |
| proximal | toward attached base |
| distal | away from attached base |
| superficial | close to body surface |
| deep | farther from body surface |
| Sagittal | right/ left sides |
| Mid sagittal | half right/left sides |
| Frontal/ coronal | anterior/posterior sides |
| Transverse Horizontal | superior/inferior portions |
| Ventral Cavity | (coelem) stomach side true body cavity; respitory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, reproductive |
| Diaphragm | seperarates thoracic and abdominalpelvic cavities |
| Visecera | internal organs |
| Serous Membrane | lines internal organs |
| Pericardial Cavity | "balloon" around heart |
| Pericardium | serous membrane around heart |
| visceral pericardium | layer covering heart |
| parietal pericardium | opposing surface of viceral pericardium |
| Mediastrum | pericardium lies within |
| Pleural Cavity | surronds lung |
| Pleura | serous membrane around lungs |
| Abdominal Cavity | liver, stomach, spleen, small and most of large intestine |
| Pelvic Cavity | distal portion of large intestine,urinary bladder, various reporductive organs |
| Peritoneal cavity | chamber lined by serous membrane known of peritoneum |
| Dorsal Cavity | posterior cranial and spinal cavities |
| Ventral Cavity | Thoracic ( pericardial and 2 pleura) and Abdominal Pelvic |
Created by:
twlightgirl92
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